[Event "London LB"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1990.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "White, R."]
[Black "Al Marif, S."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C51"]
[Annotator "All the basic ideas"]
[PlyCount "33"]
[EventDate "1990.??.??"]

{How to play the Italian Game as White} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4
Bxb4 5. c3 Bc5 6. O-O d6 7. d4 exd4 8. cxd4 {
# Central advantage: the Plan A pawn centre with good development.} 8... Bb6 9.
Re1 Bg4 10. Bb2 Qf6 11. e5 dxe5 12. dxe5 {# Raiding by centre pawns} 12... Qf4
13. e6 Bxf3 14. exf7+ {# Attack on f7 along the "Italian Diagonal"} 14... Kf8
15. fxg8=Q+ Rxg8 16. Ba3+ Ne7 17. Bxe7+ {# The King caught in the middle.} 1-0

[Event "Paris"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1859.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Morphy, Paul"]
[Black "Laroche, H."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C52"]
[Annotator "The raid with central pawns"]
[PlyCount "25"]
[EventDate "1859.??.??"]

{The raid with central pawns} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3
Ba5 6. d4 Nf6 7. dxe5 7... Ng4 {#} 8. Bg5 f6 9. exf6 Nxf6 10. e5 h6 11. exf6
hxg5 12. fxg7 Qe7+ 13. Qe2 1-0

[Event "New York"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1857.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Marache, N."]
[Black "Morphy, Paul"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C52"]
[Annotator "Black hits back with ...d5"]
[PlyCount "38"]
[EventDate "1857.??.??"]

{Black hits back with ...d5} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3
Ba5 6. d4 exd4 7. e5 {#} 7... d5 8. exd6 Qxd6 9. O-O Nge7 10. Ng5 O-O 11. Bd3
Bf5 12. Bxf5 Nxf5 13. Ba3 Qg6 14. Bxf8 Qxg5 15. Ba3 dxc3 16. Bc1 Qg6 17. Bf4
Rd8 18. Qc2 Ncd4 19. Qe4 19... Ng3 $1 0-1

[Event "PC2 16/2/07 10:04 am"]
[Site "Palm Handheld"]
[Date "2007.02.16"]
[Round "1"]
[White "N, N."]
[Black "N, N."]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "K7/P7/3N4/8/8/2r5/5k2/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "1"]

1. Ne4+ *

[Event "attack: uncastled king - rooks"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1936.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Wojciechowski"]
[Black "Weiss"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C15"]
[PlyCount "45"]
[EventDate "1936.??.??"]

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nge2 dxe4 5. a3 Bxc3+ 6. Nxc3 6... f5 {
?! The only way to hang on to the pawn, but it would have been safer to let it
go. (Black players do know this, but must have thought themselves capable of
the defence.)} 7. f3 exf3 8. Qxf3 Qh4+ (8... Qxd4 9. Qg3 Nf6 10. Qxg7 Qe5+ 11.
Be2 Rg8 12. Qh6 Rg6 13. Qh4 Bd7 14. Bg5 Bc6 15. O-O-O Bxg2 16. Rhe1 Be4 17. Bh5
Nxh5 18. Rd8+ Kf7 19. Qxh5 Kg7 20. Nxe4 fxe4 21. Bh6+ Kf6 22. Rf8+ {
1-0 Alekhine Alexander-Nimzowitsch Aaron/Bled 1931}) 9. g3 Qxd4 10. Be3 Qg4 11.
Qg2 {White must preserve the Q having sacrificed two pawns} 11... Nf6 12. Be2
Qg6 13. O-O-O Nc6 14. Nb5 Qf7 15. Bc5 a6 16. Bf3 Nd8 17. Qd2 Nd5 18. Bxd5 axb5
19. Rhe1 {# White's major pieces are the main artillery in the attack against
the uncastled King} 19... Bd7 20. g4 Nc6 21. gxf5 Qxf5 22. Bxe6 Bxe6 23. Qd7#
1-0

[Event "Paris"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1888.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Frazer"]
[Black "Taubenhaus"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C45"]
[PlyCount "15"]
[EventDate "1888.??.??"]

{Don't get your Queen out too early.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. Nxd4
Qh4 5. Nc3 Nf6 6. Nf5 Qh5 7. Be2 7... Qg6 {#} 8. Nh4 1-0

[Event "italian"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1933.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "boleslavsky"]
[Black "scitov"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C54"]
[PlyCount "27"]
[EventDate "1933.??.??"]

{The raid with central pawns.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. c3 Nf6 5. d4
exd4 6. cxd4 6... Bb6 {#} 7. e5 Ng4 8. h3 Nh6 9. d5 Ne7 10. d6 Ng6 11. Bg5
11... f6 {#} 12. exf6 gxf6 13. Qe2+ Kf8 14. Bxh6# 1-0

[Event "sacrifice on h6 by B"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1891.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "blackburne"]
[Black "blanchard"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C30"]
[PlyCount "35"]
[EventDate "1891.??.??"]

{A sacrifice against the King.} 1. e4 e5 2. f4 Bc5 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. Nf3 4... exf4
{?} 5. d4 Bb4 6. Bxf4 d5 7. e5 Bxc3+ 8. bxc3 Be6 9. Bd3 h6 10. O-O Nge7 11. Rb1
{# a rook's first duty is to sieze the open files (or half-open ones)} 11... b6
12. Qd2 12... O-O {optimistic} 13. Bxh6 {
# sacrifices like this don't take much thought...} 13... gxh6 14. Qxh6 Ng6 15.
Ng5 15... Re8 {#} 16. Rxf7 (16. Qh7+ {or 16.Bxg6 both win}) 16... Bxf7 17. Qh7+
Kf8 18. Qxf7# 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1596.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Ruy Lopez"]
[Black "Black"]
[Result "*"]
[ECO "C68"]
[PlyCount "13"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 {# This is the house that Ruy Lopez built: the
Bishop attacks the Knight that defends the Pawn that is attacked by the Knight.
White's idea is to develop the Bishop and make it more difficult for Black to
hit back in the centre.  White isn't really threatening to win a pawn:} 3... a6
4. Bxc6 4... dxc6 {#} 5. d4 (5. Nxe5 $2 5... Qd4 $1 (5... Qg5)) 5... exd4 6.
Qxd4 Qxd4 7. Nxd4 {# and White can hope to win using the King's-side majority.}
*

[Event "italian (wilkes barre)"]
[Site "italian (wilkes barre)"]
[Date "1955.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "wirtz"]
[Black "fahnenschmidt (marburg)"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C57"]
[PlyCount "26"]

{Warning: not suitable for adults.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6 4. Ng5 4...
Bc5 {#} 5. Nxf7 Bxf2+ 6. Kxf2 Nxe4+ 7. Kg1 {#} 7... Qh4 8. g3 Nxg3 9. Nxh8 d5
10. Bxd5 Bh3 11. c3 Nd4 12. Bf3 O-O-O 13. Nf7 13... Rf8 {#} 0-1

[Event "San Francisco sim"]
[Site "San Francisco"]
[Date "1964.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer, Robert James"]
[Black "Burger, Robert"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C57"]
[PlyCount "24"]
[EventDate "1964.04.??"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "2000.11.22"]

{Bobby Fischer loses to our recommended Black defence!} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3.
Bc4 Nf6 4. Ng5 d5 5. exd5 Nd4 6. c3 b5 7. Bf1 Nxd5 8. cxd4 Qxg5 9. Bxb5+ Kd8
10. Qf3 Bb7 11. O-O exd4 12. Qxf7 {#} 12... Nf6 {discovering two attacks: one
on g2 and one on b5! We mustn't be too hard on Bobby - he was playing lots of
other people at the same time.} 0-1

[Event "East Devon"]
[Site "East Devon"]
[Date "1997.??.??"]
[Round "5"]
[White "Regis, David"]
[Black "Towers, Richard C"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "D00"]
[WhiteElo "1940"]
[BlackElo "1845"]
[PlyCount "45"]

{A simple combination.} 1. e4 d5 2. d4 dxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. f3 e3 5. Bxe3 c6 6.
Bd3 Nbd7 7. Nge2 e6 8. O-O Nd5 9. Nxd5 exd5 10. Re1 Be7 11. Ng3 O-O 12. Nf5 Bf6
13. Qd2 Nb6 14. b3 Be6 15. c3 Nc8 16. Re2 Ne7 17. Ng3 g6 18. Rae1 Qd7 19. Bg5
Bg7 20. Qf4 Rae8 21. Bf6 21... Kh8 {#} 22. Nh5 gxh5 23. Qh6 1-0

[Event "corr"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1928.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Balogh, Janos dr (HUN)"]
[Black "Redeleit, F. (GER)."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C02"]
[Annotator "Du Mont/ Heemsoth"]
[PlyCount "29"]
[EventDate "1928.??.??"]
[Source "Chess Mail Ltd"]
[SourceDate "2005.07.27"]

{Asessing a position (1): King Safety} {
From Du Mont's 200 Miniature Games of Chess (1941)} 1. e4 1... e6 2. d4 d5 3.
e5 c5 4. Qg4 cxd4 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. Bd3 Nge7 7. O-O Ng6 8. Re1 Be7 9. a3 O-O 10. h4
$1 10... Nxh4 11. Bxh7+ Kxh7 12. Ng5+ Bxg5 13. Bxg5 13... Qc7 $2 (13... f6 14.
Bxh4 (14. Qh5+ Kg8 15. exf6 (15. Bxh4 Qc7) 15... gxf6 16. Bh6 Rf7) 14... Qe8 {
Heemsoth, FS 1961/56}) 14. Qxh4+ 14... Kg8 {#} (14... Kg6 15. g4 $1) 15. Bf6 $1
(15. Bf6 $1 {1-0} 15... gxf6 (15... Nxe5 16. Rxe5 gxf6 17. Qg4+) 16. exf6) 1-0

[Event "offside piece position"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1919.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Winter, W."]
[Black "Capablanca, JR."]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C49"]
[PlyCount "58"]
[EventDate "1919.??.??"]

{Asessing a position (2): Good and bad pieces} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6
4. Bb5 Bb4 5. O-O O-O 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bd6 8. Bg5 h6 9. Bh4 c5 10. Nd5 {
# Capablanca famously remarked about this position, that Winter should have
realised that a player of Capablanca's calibre would never have allowed such a
move if it weregood!} 10... g5 11. Nxf6+ Qxf6 12. Bg3 Bg4 13. h3 Bxf3 14. Qxf3
Qxf3 15. gxf3 15... f6 {# Neither bishop is good, but White's is actually dead
and buried, while Black can advance on the Queen's-side.} 16. Kg2 a5 17. a4 Kf7
18. Rh1 Ke6 19. h4 Rfb8 20. hxg5 hxg5 21. b3 c6 22. Ra2 b5 23. Rha1 23... c4 {
# Black is a piece ahead for the purposes of his attack.} 24. axb5 cxb3 25.
cxb3 Rxb5 26. Ra4 Rxb3 27. d4 Rb5 28. Rc4 Rb4 29. Rxc6 Rxd4 0-1

[Event "Hamburg"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1885.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tarrasch, Siegbert"]
[Black "Noa, Joseph"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C11"]
[PlyCount "93"]
[EventDate "1885.??.??"]

{Asessing a position (3): Forcing moves, pawns breaks, initiative} 1. e4 e6 2.
d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. Nce2 c5 6. c3 Nc6 7. f4 cxd4 8. cxd4 Bb4+ 9. Bd2
Qb6 10. Nf3 O-O 11. Bxb4 Qxb4+ 12. Qd2 Nb6 13. Nc3 Rd8 14. Nb5 Bd7 15. Nd6 Rab8
16. Rc1 Qxd2+ 17. Kxd2 Nc8 18. Nb5 a6 19. Nc3 N8e7 20. Bd3 Rbc8 21. b3 Nb4 22.
a3 Nbc6 23. b4 h6 24. h4 Nb8 25. Ke3 Rc7 26. Rc2 Rdc8 27. Rhc1 Kf8 28. g4 Be8
29. Nd2 Nd7 30. Nb3 Nb6 31. Nc5 Nc4+ 32. Bxc4 dxc4 33. N5e4 b5 34. Nd6 34...
Rb8 {#} 35. f5 Bd7 36. Rf2 Nd5+ 37. Nxd5 exd5 38. g5 h5 39. Rcf1 Kg8 40. g6 f6
41. Re2 Bc6 42. Rfe1 Rd8 43. Kf4 fxe5+ 44. Rxe5 Kf8 45. Nf7 Re8 46. Ng5 Rce7
47. Nh7+ 1-0

[Event "attack: diagonal - a1-h8 'long"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1970.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer, Robert J"]
[Black "Andersson, Ulf"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "A01"]
[PlyCount "85"]
[EventDate "1970.??.??"]

{Asessing a position (4): Control of lines (files, ranks, diagonals)} 1. b3 e5
2. Bb2 Nc6 3. c4 Nf6 4. e3 Be7 5. a3 O-O 6. Qc2 Re8 7. d3 Bf8 8. Nf3 a5 9. Be2
d5 10. cxd5 Nxd5 11. Nbd2 f6 12. O-O Be6 13. Kh1 Qd7 14. Rg1 Rad8 15. Ne4 Qf7
16. g4 g6 17. Rg3 Bg7 18. Rag1 Nb6 19. Nc5 Bc8 20. Nh4 Nd7 21. Ne4 Nf8 22. Nf5
Be6 23. Nc5 Ne7 24. Nxg7 24... Kxg7 {#} 25. g5 Nf5 26. Rf3 b6 27. gxf6+ Kh8 28.
Nxe6 Rxe6 29. d4 exd4 30. Bc4 d3 31. Bxd3 Rxd3 32. Qxd3 Rd6 33. Qc4 Ne6 34. Be5
Rd8 35. h4 Nd6 36. Qg4 Nf8 37. h5 Ne8 38. e4 Rd2 39. Rh3 Kg8 40. hxg6 Nxg6 41.
f4 Kf8 42. Qg5 Nd6 43. Bxd6+ 1-0

[Event "Berlin"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1980.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Wockenfuss, Klaus"]
[Black "Hartston, William"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "B22"]
[PlyCount "72"]
[EventDate "1980.??.??"]

{Asessing a position (5): centre control} 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nf6 3. e5 Nd5 4. d4
cxd4 5. Qxd4 e6 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. Qe4 f5 8. exf6 Nxf6 9. Qh4 e5 10. Bg5 d5 11. Bb5
Bd6 12. O-O 12... O-O {#} 13. c4 e4 14. cxd5 exf3 15. dxc6 fxg2 16. Re1 Qc7 17.
Bxf6 gxf6 18. Nc3 bxc6 19. Bc4+ Kh8 20. Re3 Be5 21. Rd1 Bf5 22. Bd3 Be6 23. Be4
Rg8 24. Red3 Rg4 25. Rd8+ Rxd8 26. Rxd8+ Rg8 27. Rxg8+ Bxg8 28. Kxg2 Qg7+ 29.
Kf3 Qg1 30. Qh6 c5 31. Ne2 Qxh2 32. Qf8 Qh5+ 33. Ke3 Bxb2 34. Nf4 Bd4+ 35. Kd2
Qg5 36. Qb8 Be5 0-1

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "??.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "WHITE"]
[Black "BLACK"]
[Result "0-1"]

1. e4 0-1

[Event "keep your Pawns fit and health"]
[Site "keep your Pawns fit and health"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "3r1k2/2pp1p1p/6rp/P7/1P6/2PK2P1/5P2/R6R w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "keep the King away (CHERNEV)"]
[Site "keep the King away (CHERNEV)"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/8/8/6K1/8/5k2/P7/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "9"]

1. Kf5 (1. a4 Ke4 2. a5 Kd5 3. a6 Kc6 4. a7 Kb7) 1... Ke3 2. Ke5 Kd3 3. Kd5 Kc3
4. Kc5 Kb2 5. a4 1-0


[Event "active use of the King (RETI)"]
[Site "active use of the King (RETI)"]
[Date "1920.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "7K/7p/k1P5/8/8/8/8/8 b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "10"]

{#} 1... h5 2. Kg7 h4 3. Kf6 h3 (3... Kb6 4. Ke5 h3 5. Kd6 h2 6. c7 Kb7 7. Kd7)
4. Ke7 h2 5. c7 Kb7 6. Kd7 1/2-1/2


[Event "active use of the King (RINCK)"]
[Site "active use of the King (RINCK)"]
[Date "1920.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/k6K/2P4p/8/8/8/8/8 b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "13"]

1... h5 2. Kg6 h4 3. Kf5 h3 4. Ke6 h2 5. c7 h1=Q 6. c8=Q {#} 6... Qh3+ 7. Kd6
Qxc8 0-1

[Event "fair exchange?"]
[Site "fair exchange?"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/8/4kp2/4p3/4KP2/8/8/8 b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "20"]

{#} 1... exf4 (1... f5+ 2. Ke3 e4 3. Kd4 Kd6 4. Kc4 Kc6 5. Kd4 Kb5 6. Kd5 Kb4
7. Kd4 Kb3 8. Ke3 Kc3 9. Ke2 Kd4 10. Kd2 e3+ 11. Ke2 Ke4) 2. Kxf4 f5 3. Kf3 Ke5
4. Ke3 f4+ 5. Kf3 Kf5 6. Kf2 Ke4 7. Ke2 f3+ 8. Kf2 Kf4 9. Kf1 Kg3 10. Kg1 f2+
11. Kf1 0-1

[Event "shepherd Pawns through, Keep K"]
[Site "shepherd Pawns through, Keep K"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/8/8/8/8/2pk4/5K2/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "2"]

{#} 1. Ke1 1... c2 (1... Kc2 2. Ke2 Kb2) 0-1

[Event "every piece counts"]
[Site "every piece counts"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "5rk1/2p1bppp/1p6/pK6/P3PB2/1P5P/5PP1/2R5 b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "every Pawn counts"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "2k5/1p6/8/8/P1PP4/1PK5/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#}  1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "promote your Pawns"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "2Q5/6k1/2P5/8/5K2/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#}  1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "play even slower"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/2p2ppp/5k2/1P1P1P2/2PK4/8/8/8 b - - 0 1"]

{#} 1... Kxf5 (1... Ke7 2. c5 Kd7) 2. d6 Ke6 3. dxc7 Kd7 4. b6 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "passed Pawns must be pushed!"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "6k1/5p2/5rp1/1P5p/8/7P/1R3PP1/5K2 w - - 0 1"]

{#} 1. b6 Re6 2. b7 Re8 3. b8=Q 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "Lock your opponent's King out"]
[Date "1990.??.??"]
[Round "18"]
[White "Kasparov, Gary"]
[Black "Karpov, An"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "Wch35-KK5 USA/FRA (Lyon)     "]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 
8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Nd7 10. d4 Bf6 11. a4 Bb7 12. Na3 exd4 13. cxd4 Nb6 
14. Bf4 bxa4 15. Bxa4 Nxa4 16. Qxa4 a5 17. Bd2 Re8 18. d5 Nb4 19. Bxb4 
axb4 20. Qxb4 Rb8 21. Qc4 Qc8 22. Nd4 Ba6 23. Qc3
{#} 23... c5 24. dxc6 Bxd4 25. Qxd4 Qxc6 26. b4 h6 27. Re3 Re6 28. f3 Rc8 
29. Rb3 Bb5 30. Rb2 Qb7 31. Nc2 Qe7 32. Qf2 Rg6 33. Ne3 Qe5 34. Rbb1 
Bd7 35. Ra5 Qe7 36. Ra7 Qd8 37. Nd5 Kh7 38. Kh2 Rb8 39. f4 Re6 40. Qd4 
Qe8 41. Re1 Bc6 42. Qd3 Qf8 43. Rc1 Bxd5 44. exd5+ Rg6 45. Qf5 Kg8 46. 
Rac7 Rf6 47. Qd7 Rd8 48. Qxd8 Qxd8 49. Rc8 Qf8 50. R1c4 Rf5 51. Rxf8+ 
Kxf8 52. Rd4 h5
{#} 53. b5 Ke7 54. b6 Kd7 55. g4 hxg4 56. hxg4 Rf6 57. Rc4
{#}  1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "Rooks belong behind passed Pawns (NIMZO)"]
[Date "1929.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "3r4/5pk1/8/8/P7/2R3P1/6K1/8 b - - 0 1"]

{#} 1... Rd2+ (1... Ra8 {?}) 2. Kf3 Ra2 {if Ka6, Rb2 maybe ...Rxg3} 1/2-1/2

[Event "triangulation (KOSTEN)"]
[Site "triangulation (KOSTEN)"]
[Date "1987.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/6pp/4k3/8/4KPPP/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "27"]

{A winning endgame idea: triangulation.} {#} 1. f5+ 1... Kf6 2. g5+ Ke7 3. Ke5
Kf7 4. h5 Ke7 5. g6 (5. f6+ gxf6+ 6. gxf6+ Kf7 7. Kf5 Ke8 8. Ke6 Kf8 9. f7 9...
h6 {=}) 5... h6 {# Ready? White has to get through, but Black has the
opposition.  White can win by drawing a little triangle with the King.  Here
we go:} (5... hxg6 6. hxg6 Ke8 7. Ke6 Kf8 8. Kd7 Kg8 9. Ke7 Kh8 10. f6 gxf6 11.
Kf7) 6. Kd5 Kf6 7. Ke4 Ke7 8. Ke5 {
# Same position, but with Black to move, and so Black has to give way.} 8...
Kf8 9. Ke6 Ke8 10. Kd6 Kf8 (10... Kd8 11. f6) 11. Kd7 Kg8 12. Ke7 Kh8 13. f6
gxf6 14. Kf7 1-0

[Event "Moscow"]
[Site "Moscow"]
[Date "1935.??.??"]
[Round "17"]
[White "Lasker, Emanuel"]
[Black "Lisitsin, G."]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[ECO "A28"]
[PlyCount "91"]

{The power of a passed pawn.} 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nxd4
Bb4 6. Bg5 Bxc3+ 7. bxc3 Ne5 8. e3 h6 9. Bh4 d6 10. Be2 Ng6 11. Bg3 Ne4 12. Qc2
Qe7 13. Bd3 Nxg3 14. hxg3 Ne5 15. Be2 Bd7 16. Rb1 Rb8 17. Kf1 O-O 18. Rh4 Rfe8
19. Rd1 a6 20. Kg1 b5 21. cxb5 axb5 22. Rb1 c6 23. Rd1 Ra8 24. Nb3 Be6 25. Nc1
Bc4 26. Bxc4 Nxc4 27. Rdd4 Ra3 28. Rde4 Qd8 29. Rxe8+ Qxe8 30. Re4 Qd8 31. Kh2
d5 32. Rf4 Nd6 33. Rb4 Qf6 34. Rb3 Rxb3 35. axb3 Ne4 36. Nd3 Nxc3 37. b4 d4 38.
Qd2 Ne4 39. Qe2 Nc3 40. Qd2 Qg5 41. Nf4 Ne4 42. Qc2 Qf5 43. exd4 Nxg3 44. Qxc6
Nf1+ 45. Kg1 45... Nd2 {#} 46. d5 (46. d5 Qxf4 47. d6 Ne4 48. d7 Qxf2+) 1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "London m1"]
[Date "1834.??.??"]
[Round "21"]
[White "De La Bourdonnais, L."]
[Black "McDonnell, A."]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C23"]

1. e4 e5 2. Bc4 Bc5 3. Qe2 Nf6 (3... Nc6 4. c3 (4. Bxf7+ Kxf7 5. Qc4+ d5 
6. exd5 (6. Qxc5 dxe4 7. Qc4+ Be6 8. Qxe4 Nf6 $17) 6... Bxf2+ 7. Kxf2 Na5 
8. Qd3 e4 9. Qxe4 Nf6 $17) 4... Nf6 5. f4 $6 Bxg1 $1 (5... d6 6. Nf3 a6 
7. b4 Ba7 8. d3 O-O 9. f5 d5 10. Bb3 Qd6 11. Nbd2 $14) 6. Rxg1 O-O 7. d3 
d5 8. Bxd5 Nxd5 9. exd5 exf4 10. Bxf4 Re8 11. Be3 Ne5 12. h3 Bf5 $17) (
3... Qe7 4. f4 exf4 (4... Nf6 5. Nf3 d6 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 Bg4 $10) 5. Nf3 
g5 6. h4 f6 7. hxg5 fxg5 8. Nc3 c6 9. d4 $16 {Greco}) 4. d3 Nc6 5. c3 
Ne7 6. f4 exf4 7. d4 Bb6 8. Bxf4 d6 9. Bd3 Ng6 10. Be3 O-O 11. h3 Re8 
12. Nd2 Qe7 13. O-O-O c5 14. Kb1 cxd4 15. cxd4 a5 16. Ngf3 Bd7 17. g4 
h6 18. Rdg1 a4 19. g5 hxg5 20. Bxg5 a3 21. b3 Bc6 22. Rg4 Ba5 23. h4 
Bxd2 24. Nxd2 Ra5 25. h5 Rxg5 $1 (25... Nf8 26. Rhg1 $16 (26. h6 $16)) 26. 
Rxg5 Nf4 27. Qf3 Nxd3 28. d5 (28. Qxd3 Nxe4 $1 $44) 28... Nxd5 $1 29. 
Rhg1 (29. exd5 Qxg5 30. Qxd3 Bxd5 $17) 29... Nc3+ 30. Ka1 (30. Kc2 Qxg5 
31. Rxg5 Ne1+ 32. Kxc3 Nxf3 33. Nxf3 Bxe4 $17) 30... Bxe4 (30... Nxe4 $1 
31. Rxg7+ Kh8 {/\ Qe7-e5+} 32. Nc4 Ng5 $3 {/\ Qe7-e1+}) 31. Rxg7+ Kh8 
32. Qg3 Bg6 {/\ Kh8xg7 /\ Qe7-e1+} 33. hxg6 Qe1+ 34. Rxe1 $2 (34. Nb1 $1 
Kxg7 (34... Qxg3 35. Rh7+ Kg8 36. gxf7+ Kxh7 37. Rh1+ Kg7 38. fxe8=Q $18) 
35. gxf7+ Qxg3 36. fxe8=N+ $1 Kf8 37. Rxg3 $18) 34... Rxe1+ 35. Qxe1 
Nxe1 {There is no defence against Ne1-c2#} 36. Rh7+ Kg8 37. gxf7+ Kxh7 
38. f8=N+ Kh6 39. Nb1 Nc2#
{#}  0-1

[Event "London m4"]
[Site "London m4"]
[Date "1834.??.??"]
[Round "62"]
[White "McDonnell, A."]
[Black "De La Bourdonnais, L."]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "B32"]
[PlyCount "74"]

{Passed pawns: an unforgettable finish!} 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4
e5 5. Nxc6 bxc6 6. Bc4 Nf6 7. Bg5 Be7 8. Qe2 d5 9. Bxf6 Bxf6 10. Bb3 O-O 11.
O-O a5 12. exd5 cxd5 13. Rd1 d4 14. c4 Qb6 15. Bc2 Bb7 16. Nd2 Rae8 17. Ne4 Bd8
18. c5 Qc6 19. f3 Be7 20. Rac1 f5 21. Qc4+ Kh8 22. Ba4 Qh6 23. Bxe8 fxe4 24. c6
exf3 25. Rc2 Bc8 26. Bd7 Qe3+ 27. Kh1 f2 28. Rf1 d3 29. Rc3 {#} 29... Bxd7 30.
cxd7 e4 31. Qc8 Bd8 32. Qc4 {#} 32... Qe1 33. Rc1 d2 34. Qc5 (34. Rcxe1 fxe1=Q)
34... Rg8 35. Rd1 e3 36. Qc3 Qxd1 37. Rxd1 37... e2 {#} 0-1

[Event "Barmen"]
[Site "Barmen"]
[Date "1905.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Mieses, J."]
[Black "Von Bardeleben, C."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C13"]
[PlyCount "63"]

{Passed pawn wins the day.} 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Bxf6
Bxf6 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. e5 cxd4 9. exf6 dxc3 10. fxg7 Kxg7 11. bxc3 Nc6
12. Nd4 e5 13. Qh5 exd4 14. Qxh7+ Kf6 15. Qh6+ Ke7 16. O-O Be6 17. Rab1 Rb8 18.
cxd4 Rh8 19. Qe3 Kd7 20. f4 f5 21. Rfd1 Qh4 22. h3 Rhg8 23. Be2 Rg3 24. Bf3
Qxh3 25. Re1 Bf7 26. c4 Kc7 27. cxd5 Rbg8 28. Rxb7+ Kxb7 29. dxc6+ 29... Ka8 {#
} 30. c7+ Rxf3 31. Qe8+ Rxe8 32. Rxe8+ (32. Rxe8+ Kb7 (32... Bxe8 33. c8=Q#)
33. c8=Q+ Kb6 34. Qc5+ Ka6 35. Qc6+ Ka5 36. Re5+ Bd5 37. Rxd5+ 37... Kb4 $18
38. Rb5+ Ka3 39. Qa6#) 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "Yugoslavia ct Rd: 18"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer, Robert"]
[Black "Gligoric, Svetozar"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[ECO "C87"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 d6 5. c3 Nf6 6. O-O Be7 7. d4 Bd7 
8. Nbd2 O-O 9. Re1 Re8 10. a3 Bf8 11. b4 d5 12. Bb3 Bg4 13. h3 Bh5 14. 
dxe5 Nxe5 15. g4 Nxf3+ 16. Nxf3 dxe4 17. gxh5 exf3 18. Rxe8 Qxe8 19. 
Qxf3 Qe1+ 20. Kg2 Re8 21. h6 c6 22. Bc2 Qe2 23. Qxe2 Rxe2 24. Bd1 Re8 
25. Be3 Nd5 26. Bd2 gxh6 27. c4 Bg7 28. Rc1 Nc7 29. Be3 Ne6 30. c5 Nd4 
31. Bg4 f5 32. Bh5 Re4 33. Rd1 Kf8 34. Rd3 Ke7 35. Bd1 Ne6 36. Kf3 Nd4+ 
37. Kg3 Ne6 38. Kf3 Nd4+ 39. Kg2 Ne6 40. Kf3 1/2-1/2

[Event "Madrid"]
[Site "Madrid"]
[Date "1933.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Ortueta"]
[Black "Sanz"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C00"]
[PlyCount "70"]

{A great finish: White's pieces can't cope with the pawns.  It's possible that
this game was made up to go with the finish.} 1. e4 e6 2. d3 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4.
e5 Nfd7 5. f4 Bb4 6. Bd2 O-O 7. Nf3 f6 8. d4 c5 9. Nb5 fxe5 10. dxe5 Rxf4 11.
c3 Re4+ 12. Be2 Ba5 13. O-O Nxe5 14. Nxe5 Rxe5 15. Bf4 Rf5 16. Bd3 Rf6 17. Qc2
h6 18. Be5 Nd7 19. Bxf6 Nxf6 20. Rxf6 Qxf6 21. Rf1 Qe7 22. Bh7+ Kh8 23. Qg6 Bd7
24. Rf7 Qg5 25. Qxg5 hxg5 26. Rxd7 Kxh7 27. Rxb7 Bb6 28. c4 dxc4 29. Nc3 Rd8
30. h3 {#} 30... Rd2 31. Na4 Rxb2 32. Nxb2 32... c3 {#} 33. Rxb6 (33. Nd3 c4+
34. Rxb6 (34. Kf1 cxd3 35. Ke1 c2 36. Kd2 Be3+) 34... cxd3 35. Rc6 d2) (33. Rd7
cxb2 34. Rd1 c4+ 35. Kf1 c3) 33... c4 34. Rb4 (34. Nxc4 c2) (34. Rd6 cxb2 35.
Rd1 c3) 34... a5 {#} 35. Na4 (35. Rxc4 cxb2) (35. Nxc4 c2) (35. Rb6 c2) 35...
axb4 0-1

[Event "?"]
[Site "Poznan Championship Poznan"]
[Date "1931.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tylkowski"]
[Black "Wojciechowski"]
[Result "0-1"]

1. f4 d5 2. e3 c5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. Bb5 Bg4 5. O-O e6 6. d3 Be7 7. Nc3 d4 
8. Nb1 Nf6 9. e4 O-O 10. Bxc6 bxc6 11. c3 dxc3 12. Nxc3 Bxf3 13. Rxf3 
Ng4 14. Kh1 Qd4 15. Qg1 Qxg1+ 16. Kxg1 Bd8 17. Be3 Nxe3 18. Rxe3 Bb6 
19. Rd1 h6 20. e5 f6 21. exf6 Rxf6 22. Rf3 c4+ 23. d4 c5 24. d5 exd5 
25. Rxd5 Kh7 26. Rd7 Rd8 27. Rb7 Rg6 28. Rg3 Rxg3 29. hxg3 Rd2 30. Na4 
Rxb2 31. Nxb2 c3 32. Rxb6 c4 33. Rb4 a5 34. Nxc4 c2 35. Nxa5 c1=Q+ 36. 
Kh2 Qc5 37. Rb2 Qxa5 38. g4 Qe1 39. g3 h5 40. gxh5 Kh6 0-1

[Event "Karlsbad"]
[Site "Karlsbad"]
[Date "1907.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Mieses"]
[Black "Wolf, H."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C44"]
[PlyCount "81"]

{Endgame technique.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6.
cxd4 Nf6 7. Be2 Bf5 8. Nc3 Bb4 9. O-O Bxc3 10. bxc3 O-O 11. c4 Qe4 12. d5 Nb4
13. Nd4 Rfe8 14. Be3 Nc2 15. Nxc2 Qxc2 16. Bf3 Qxd1 17. Rfxd1 Bg4 18. c5 Bxf3
19. gxf3 Rad8 20. Rab1 20... b6 {#} 21. d6 cxd6 22. cxb6 axb6 23. Bxb6 {#}
23... Ra8 24. Ra1 Re6 25. a4 Nd7 26. Bc7 Ra6 27. a5 Kf8 28. Rab1 Ke7 29. Rb7 {#
} 29... Re5 30. f4 Re4 31. f3 Re2 32. Kf1 Re6 (32... Rxh2 33. Re1+ Kf8 34. Bb6)
33. Bb6 Rf6 34. Re1+ Re6 35. Rc1 Ra8 36. Rcc7 {#} 36... Rd8 37. a6 Ke8 38. a7 {
#} 38... Nxb6 39. Rxb6 d5 40. Rxe6+ fxe6 41. Rb7 {#} 1-0

[Event "lessons from Bobby Fischer: en"]
[Site "lessons from Bobby Fischer: en"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Gligoric, Svetozar"]
[Black "Fischer, Robert (Yugoslavia c"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[ECO "B99"]
[Annotator "RJF"]
[PlyCount "114"]

{An endgame with important ideas for Rooks and Pawns.} 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4
cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. Bg5 e6 7. f4 Be7 8. Qf3 Qc7 9. O-O-O Nbd7 10. g4
b5 11. Bxf6 gxf6 12. f5 Ne5 13. Qh3 13... O-O {# Black's "ugly" defence is
based on sound positional considerations: once he can consolidate, there is
strong potential in the twoi Bishops coupled with the beautifully posted
Knight and compact Pawn mass. These assets, in the long run, hopefully should
outweigh the temporary weakness of his King and the immobile target on e6.} 14.
Nce2 Kh8 15. Nf4 Rg8 16. Rg1 d5 17. fxe6 dxe4 18. Nd5 Qc5 19. Nxe7 Qxe7 20. Nf5
Qxe6 21. Qh6 Bd7 22. Rd6 Nxg4 23. Rxg4 Qxf5 24. Rxg8+ $2 (24. Rf4) 24... Rxg8
$2 (24... Kxg8) 25. Rxf6 Qd5 26. Rd6 Qf5 27. Rf6 Qg5+ 28. Qxg5 Rxg5 29. Rxf7
Bg4 30. Kd2 Bf3 31. Ke3 Rg1 32. Bh3 Re1+ 33. Kf4 33... Bd1 {# Playing, as Dr.
Tarrasch wryly put it, "for the loss". Nowadays I would know better than to
try to squeeze a win out of such a simplified position.} 34. Ke5 $1 {
Inviting Fischer to overextend.} (34. Re7 Bxc2 35. Bf5 $10) 34... e3 35. Bf5
Rg1 36. Rxh7+ Kg8 37. Rc7 37... Bg4 $2 (37... e2 38. Kf6 Kh8 39. Rh7+ Kg8 40.
Rc7 40... Kh8 $10) 38. Bxg4 Rxg4 39. Rc3 e2 40. Re3 {
# "Fortunately, Black can still hold the draw"} 40... Rg2 (40... Rg7 $2 41. Kd4
) 41. Kd4 41... e1=Q $1 (41... Rxh2 42. Kd3 $18) 42. Rxe1 Rxc2 43. Rb1 {#}
43... Kf7 $1 (43... Rxh2 44. Kc5) 44. a3 Ke6 45. b3 Rxh2 46. Kc5 Kd7 47. Kb6
Ra2 48. Kxa6 48... Rxa3+ {#} 49. Kb7 (49. Kxb5 Kc7 50. b4 Kb7 51. Kc5 Rc3+ 52.
Kd4 Rh3 53. b5 Rh4+ 54. Kc5 Rh5+ 55. Kb4 Rh4+ 56. Ka5 Rh6 57. b6 {#} 57... Rh5+
58. Ka4 Rh6 59. Ka5) 49... Kd6 50. Kb6 Kd7 51. b4 Rh3 52. Rc1 {#} 52... Rh8 $2
{After the game, Olafsson scolded me: "How can you play an ending like this so
fast?" (I'd only been taking a few seconds a move for the last dozen moves or
so.) "Because there's no danger. It's a dead draw," I replied.} (52... Rh5 53.
Rc5 Rxc5 54. Kxc5 (54. bxc5 $4 54... b4 $19) 54... Kc7 55. Kxb5 55... Kb7 {
# with the opposition, a book draw and easy to hold} 56. Ka5 Ka7 57. b5 Kb7 58.
b6 Kb8 59. Ka6 Ka8 60. b7+ Kb8) 53. Kxb5 $2 {"As Olafsson showed me, White can
win with 53. Rc7+! It's hard to believe. I stayed up all night analysing,
finally convincing myself and, incidentally, learning a lot about Rook and
Pawn endings in the process." (Gligoric failed to point it out in his notes to
the Bled tournament book.)} (53. Rc7+ $1 {This helps keep the Black King away,
so the White King can control the Queening square. If the Black Rook checks,
White will interpose the Rook.} 53... Kd6 (53... Kd8 54. Rc5 Kd7 55. Kb7 $1
55... Kd6 56. Rxb5) 54. Rc6+ Kd7 (54... Kd5 55. Kxb5 Rb8+ 56. Rb6) 55. Kxb5
Rb8+ 56. Rb6 Rh8 57. Rb7+ Kc8 58. Ka6 Rh6+ 59. Ka7 $18) 53... Rb8+ 54. Ka4 Ra8+
55. Kb3 Rc8 56. Rxc8 Kxc8 57. Kc4 57... Kb8 $1 {
# holding the "distant opposition"} (57... Kb7 58. Kb5 Kc7 59. Ka6 Kb8 60. Kb6
Ka8 61. Kc7 Ka7 62. b5 Ka8 63. Kb6 Kb8 64. Ka6 Ka8 (64... Kc7 65. Ka7) 65. b6
Kb8 66. b7 {# When the Pawn moves to the seventh without check, the King is in
front of it, and must move away.} 66... Kc7 67. Ka7 Kc6 68. b8=Q) (57... Kb8 $1
58. Kc5 (58. Kd5 Kb7) 58... Kc7 59. Kb5 59... Kb7 {#} 60. Ka5 Ka7 61. b5 Kb7
62. b6 Kb8 63. Ka6 Ka8 64. b7+ 64... Kb8 {#}) 1/2-1/2

[Event "queen ending"]
[Site "queen ending"]
[Date "1914.??.??"]
[Round "3"]
[White "Rubinstein, Akiba"]
[Black "Capablanca, Jose [St Petersburg"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[ECO "D63"]
[Annotator "Keres"]
[PlyCount "76"]

{A queen ending.} 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O
7. Rc1 Re8 8. Qc2 c6 9. Bd3 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5 11. Bd3 a6 12. Ne5 Bb7 13. Nxd7
Qxd7 14. Bxf6 Bxf6 15. Bxh7+ Kh8 16. Be4 e5 17. dxe5 Rxe5 18. O-O Qe7 19. Bf3
Rc5 20. Qe2 Bxc3 21. Rxc3 Rxc3 22. bxc3 Rd8 23. Rd1 Rxd1+ 24. Qxd1 Kg8 25. h4
c5 26. Bxb7 26... Qxb7 {#} 27. Qd6 27... b4 $5 (27... c4 {(idea ...b4)} 28. f3
{denies Black's Queen the last free central square}) 28. Qxc5 $6 (28. c4 $1 {
e.g.} 28... Qa7 $5 (28... Qc8 $5 29. Qb6 {(else ...a5)} 29... Qf5 (29... Kh7 $2
30. e4 $1) 30. Qxa6 Kh7 31. Qa7 (31. Qa4 Qb1+ 32. Kh2 Qf5) 31... Qe5 $5 (31...
f6) 32. Qxf7 Qa1+ 33. Kh2 33... Qxa2 {and the b-Pawn is a serious threat}) 29.
Qd8+ Kh7 30. Qa5 Qe7 31. Qxa6 31... Qe4 {with counterplay} (31... Qxh4 {also})
32. g3 Qb1+ 33. Kg2 Qc2) 28... bxc3 29. Qxc3 Qb1+ 30. Kh2 30... Qxa2 {
#  and the passed Pawn secures at least a draw} 31. Qc8+ Kh7 32. Qf5+ g6 33.
Qf6 a5 (33... Qe6 $5) 34. g4 a4 35. h5 gxh5 (35... a3 $2 36. h6 $1) (35... Qe6
$2 36. hxg6+) 36. Qf5+ (36. gxh5 $6 36... Qe6 $1) 36... Kg7 37. Qg5+ Kh7 38.
Qxh5+ Kg7 1/2-1/2

[Event "king ending: basic drawn posit"]
[Site "king ending: basic drawn posit"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KP vs. K"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "3k4/8/3KP3/8/8/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "3"]

{The basic drawn position in a King and Pawn endgame.  #} 1. e7+ {
When White checks, it will be a draw.} 1... Ke8 2. Ke6 1/2-1/2

[Event "king ending: basic winning pos"]
[Site "king ending: basic winning pos"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KP vs. K"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "3k4/8/3KP3/8/8/8/8/8 b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "4"]

{The basic winning position: Black to move.} {#} 1... Ke8 2. e7 Kf7 3. Kd7 1-0

[Event "king ending: basic drawn posit"]
[Site "king ending: basic drawn posit"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KP vs. K"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/8/4k3/4P3/4K3/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "16"]

{Black can draw by thinking about how to retreat: straight back first, then
when the White King comes forward, take the opposition.} {#} 1. Kd4 1... Ke7 {
Straight back.} 2. Kd5 2... Kd7 {Opposition.} 3. e6+ {
Checks are a relief to Black.} 3... Ke7 4. Ke5 Ke8 5. Kd6 Kd8 6. Kd5 (6. Kd5
Ke7 7. Ke5 Ke8 8. Kd6 Kd8 9. Kd5 Ke7) 6... Ke7 7. Ke5 Ke8 8. Kd5 Ke7 (8... Kd8
9. Kd6 Ke8 10. e7) 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "rook ending: basic drawn position (Philidor)"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KRP vs. KR"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "4k3/7R/r7/3KP3/8/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#}  1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "bishop ending: basic drawn position"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KBP vs. KP"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/2k2K2/4P3/2b5/7B/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#} 1. Be7 Bf2 2. Bb4 Bh4 3. Bc3 Bf2 1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "knight ending: basic drawn position"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KNP vs. KN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "5K2/2k5/2n1P3/5N2/8/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#} 1. Nd4 Ne5 2. Ke8 (2. Kg7 Kd8 3. Kf8 Ng6+ 4. Kf7 Ne7) 2... Ng6 1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "queen ending: basic drawn position"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KQP vs. KQ"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "1q1k4/3P4/2Q1K3/8/8/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#} 1. Qc5 (1. Qd5 Qb6+ 2. Kf7 Qf2+) 1... Qb3+ 2. Kd6 Qd3+ 3. Ke5 Qxd7
1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "bishop ending: basic drawn position"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KBP vs. KB"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "3k4/3P4/3K4/8/8/1b3B2/8/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#}  1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "bishop ending: (ocb) basic drawn position"]
[Date "1996.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "KBP vs. KB (ocb)"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/8/3k4/3P4/3K4/5B2/7b/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#}  1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "pawn mobility: queen's-side majority (CHERNEV)"]
[Date "1914.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Capablanca"]
[Black "Villegas (simul, Buenos Aires)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "D04"]

1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. e3 c6 4. Bd3 Bg4 5. c4 e6 6. Nbd2 Nbd7 7. O-O 
Be7 (7... e5) 8. Qc2 Bh5 9. b3 Bg6 10. Bb2 Bxd3 11. Qxd3 O-O 12. Rae1 Qc7 
13. e4 dxe4 14. Nxe4 Nxe4 15. Rxe4
{#} 15... Bf6 16. Qe3 c5
{#} 17. Ne5 cxd4 18. Nxd7
{#} 18... Qxd7 (18... dxe3 19. Nxf6+ Kh8 20. Rh4 h6 21. Rxh6+ gxh6 22. Nd5+ 
Kg8 23. Nxc7 {with two pieces for the Rook}) 19. Bxd4 Bxd4 20. Rxd4 Qc7
{#} 21. Rfd1 Rfd8 22. b4 Rxd4 23. Qxd4 b6 24. g3 Rc8 25. Rc1 Rd8 26. Qe3
{# White has given up the d-file in order to support the advance of the
c-Pawn.} 26... Kf8 27. c5 bxc5 28. Qe4 {!} (28. bxc5 Qc6) 28... Rd5 (
28... Rd5 29. bxc5 Qc6 30. Qxh7) 29. bxc5 (29. Qxh7) 29... g6 (29... Rxc5 
30. Qb4) 30. c6 Kg7 (30... Ke7 31. Qh4+ Kd6 32. Qb4+ Ke5 33. Qf4#) 31. a4 (
31. Qb4 h5 32. Qb7 Qxb7 33. cxb7 Rb5) 31... Rd6
{#} 32. Qe5+ f6 33. Qxd6 Qxd6 34. c7 {"Against Alekhine you never knew what
to expect; against Capablanca you knew what to expect, but you couldn't
prevent it!" -- George Thomas.} 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "Don't rush, passed Pawns"]
[Date "1995.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "BOOT"]
[Black "DrDave (BICS Rated Blitz match)"]
[Result "0-1"]
[WhiteElo "1740"]
[BlackElo "1765"]

1. e4 g6 2. d4 d6 3. c4 e5 4. d5 f5 5. Nc3 Nf6 6. Bg5 h6 7. Bxf6 Qxf6 
8. Bd3 a5 9. Nb5 Qf7 10. Nf3 Na6 11. O-O Nc5 12. Re1 fxe4 13. Bxe4 Nxe4 
14. Rxe4 Bf5 15. Re3 Bg7 16. Rc1 b6 17. Nh4 O-O 18. Rf3 Qd7 19. Nxf5 
gxf5 20. Qd2 Kh7 21. Rh3 Rg8 22. f4 e4 23. Nc3 Rae8 24. Qe3 Bh8 25. Rc2 
Qg7 26. Rg3 Qd4 27. Qxd4 Bxd4+ 28. Kf1 Rxg3 29. hxg3 Kg6 30. Ke2 Kh5 
31. Nb5 Bc5 32. Nxc7 Re7 33. Ne6 Kg4 34. Rc3 h5 35. Nxc5 bxc5 36. Re3 
Rb7 37. b3 a4 38. Kf2 a3 39. Re1 Re7 40. Re3 Rb7 41. Kg1 Rh7 42. Kf2 
Rh6 43. Re1 h4 44. gxh4 Rxh4 45. Ke3 Rh2 46. Re2 Rh1 47. Rd2
{#} 47... Rf1 48. b4 cxb4 49. c5 dxc5 50. d6 Re1+ 51. Kf2 Rh1 52. d7 Rh8 
53. d8=Q Rxd8 54. Rxd8 c4
{#} 55. g3 b3
{#} 56. Rg8+ (56. Rh8 b2 57. Rh4#) 56... Kh5
{#} 57. axb3 (57. Ra8 b2 58. Rb8 c3 59. Ke2 c2) 57... cxb3
{# Connected passed Pawns on the sixth are worth a Rook!} 58. Rh8+ (58. 
Rg5+ Kh6 59. Rxf5 a2 60. Rf6+ Kg7 61. Ra6 b2 62. Ra7+ Kf6 63. Ra6+ Kf5 
64. Ra5+ Ke6 (64... Kg4 65. Kg2 a1=Q 66. Rg5#) 65. Ra6+ Kd7 66. Ra7+ Kc6 
67. Ra6+ Kb5 68. Rxa2 b1=Q) 58... Kg6 59. Rh1 a2 60. Ra1 b2
{#} 61. Rxa2 b1=Q 62. Re2 Qd3 63. Re3 Qd4 64. Ke2 Kh5 {Elasped times: White
765, Black 615} 0-1

[Event "?"]
[Site "passed Pawns, don't rush"]
[Date "1808.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "hong"]
[Black "DrDave (BICS Rated Blitz match)"]
[Result "0-1"]
[WhiteElo "1845"]
[BlackElo "1780"]

1. d4 g6 2. c4 Bg7 3. Nc3 d6 4. e4 Nc6 5. Be3 e5 6. d5 Nce7 7. Be2 f5 
8. g3 Nf6 9. h3 fxe4 10. Qc2 Nf5 11. Nxe4 Nxe3 12. fxe3 Bf5 13. Bd3 O-O 
14. O-O-O Rb8 15. g4 Bxe4 16. Bxe4 Nxe4 17. Qxe4 b5 18. Ne2 bxc4 19. 
Qxc4 Bh6 20. Qc3 Rb5 21. Kb1 Rf2 22. Nc1 Qb8 (22... Rbxb2+ 23. Qxb2 
Rxb2+ 24. Kxb2 Bxe3 25. Rd3 Bd4+ 26. Kc2 Qa8) 23. Nb3 a5 24. Rd2 Rxd2 
25. Nxd2 Rc5 26. Qd3 Qb7 27. Ne4 Rb5 28. b3 a4 29. Kb2 axb3 30. axb3 
Kh8 (30... Qb6) 31. g5 Bg7 32. Nf6 Bxf6 33. gxf6 Qxd5 34. Qxd5 Rxd5
{#} 35. Ra1 Kg8 36. b4 Kf7 37. Ra7 Kxf6 38. Rxc7 h5 39. Kc3 Rb5 40. Kc4 Rb6 
41. b5 Ke6 42. Rg7 Kf6 43. Rc7 Ke6 44. Kb4 g5 45. Ka5 Rb8 46. b6 Ra8+ 
47. Kb5 Ra3 48. b7 Rb3+ 49. Ka6 Ra3+ 50. Kb6 Rb3+ 51. Ka7 Ra3+ 52. Kb8 
Rxe3 53. Kc8 Rb3
{#} 54. b8=Q Rxb8+ 55. Kxb8 g4 56. hxg4 hxg4 57. Rc3 d5 58. Kc7 d4 59. Rc6+ 
Kf5 60. Kd6 d3 (60... e4 61. Kd5 d3 62. Rc3 g3) 61. Rc5 g3 62. Rxe5+ Kf4 
63. Rd5 g2 64. Rxd3 g1=Q
{#} 65. Rd5 Qb6+ 66. Kd7 Ke4 67. Rd6 Qb7+ 68. Ke6 Qc7 69. Rd7 Qc8 70. Ke7 
Ke5 71. Rd8 Qe6+ 72. Kf8
{#} 72... Qf6+ (72... Kf6 73. Rd7 (73. Re8 Qf7#) 73... Qxd7 74. Kg8 Qg7#) 73. 
Ke8
{#} 73... Qc6+ (73... Ke6 74. Rd6+ Kxd6) 74. Kf8 Kf6 75. Re8 Qd7 {Elasped
times: White 1169, Black 1043} 0-1

[Event "?"]
[Site "Praha ol"]
[Date "1931.??.??"]
[Round "16"]
[White "Mattison Hermanis"]
[Black "Alekhine Alexander"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C46"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 d6 4. d4 Bd7 5. Bc4 exd4 6. Nxd4 Nf6 7. O-O 
Be7 8. Nf5 Bxf5 9. exf5 O-O 10. g4 Nd7 11. f4 Nb6 12. Bd3 f6 13. a3 d5 
14. h4 Nd4 15. Be3 c5 16. Bxd4 cxd4 17. Ne2 Nc4 18. Bxc4 dxc4 19. Qxd4 
Qxd4+ 20. Nxd4 Bc5 21. Rad1 Rad8 22. c3 Rd5 23. Kf2 Rfd8 24. Ke3 h5 
25. Ke4 hxg4 26. Rg1 R5d7 27. Rxg4 Re7+ 28. Kf3 b5 29. Rg2 Rd5 30. Rgd2 
Kf7 31. h5 Bxd4 32. Rxd4 Rxf5 33. Rd5 Ree5 34. Rd7+ Re7 35. R1d5 Rxd5 
36. Rxd5 a6 37. Rd6
{#} 37... Re6 {As Reinfeld remarked, with Rooks on the board the White
b-Pawn is weak, but without Rooks only the Black g-Pawn is weak!} (
37... Ra7) (37... Re1 38. Rxa6 Rb1 {"with excellent drawing chances" -
HOOPER}) 38. Rxe6 Kxe6 39. Ke4 Kd6 (39... a5) 40. Kf5 Ke7 41. Kg6 Kf8 42. 
f5 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "Islovodosk"]
[Date "1956.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Ilvitsky"]
[Black "Krogius"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "R7/5pk1/P5p1/7p/7P/r5P1/5PK1/8 w - - 0 1"]

{#} 1. Kf1 Ra2 2. Ke1 Kf6 3. f3 Ra3 4. Ke2 Kg7 5. Kd2 Rxf3 6. Kc2 Rxg3 7. 
Kb2 Rg2+ 8. Kb3 Rg1 9. Kb4 (9. Kb2 Rg2+) 9... Ra1 10. Kb5 g5 11. hxg5 h4 
12. Rc8 h3 13. Rc2 Kg6 14. Rh2 Ra3
{# "And Black has magnificent winning chances" - SPEELMAN, BCE} *

[Event "Exeter Juniors vs. Torbay Juni"]
[Site "Exeter Juniors vs. Torbay Jun"]
[Date "1995.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Walker, J."]
[Black "Havill, E."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C55"]
[PlyCount "23"]

{A fork.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 (2... Nf6 {
is a good way to avoid a boring Four Knights' Game}) 3. Nc3 3... Nf6 {
the Four Knights' Game, which is dull for both sides. White can best try for
an advantage with the plan c2-c3 and d2-d4 in either the Giuoco Piano (3. Bc4)
or Ruy Lopez openings (3. Bb5)} 4. Bc4 {This is a mistake} (4. d4) (4. Bb5 Bb4)
4... Bc5 (4... Nxe4 5. Nxe4 (5. Bxf7+ Kxf7 6. Nxe4 d5 7. Neg5+ (7. Nfg5+ Ke8 8.
Qf3 Qe7) 7... Kg8) 5... d5 6. Bd3 dxe4 7. Bxe4 Bd6) 5. O-O (5. Nxe5 Nxe5 6. Bb3
) 5... d6 6. d3 Be6 (6... Bg4 {
is good now White dare not chase it with h2-h3 and g2-g4 because of ...h7-h5!}
7. Na4 Nd4 8. Nxc5 dxc5 9. Bxf7+ 9... Ke7 {is the book line} 10. Bc4 (10. Bb3
Qe8 11. Be3 Nxf3+ 12. gxf3 Bh3 13. Bxc5+ Kd8 14. Kh1 Bxf1 15. Qxf1) 10... Qe8)
7. Bxe6 fxe6 8. Bg5 {In this position you have an open f-file and should keep
the centre quiet. The e6 pawn keeps the Knight out of d5} 8... d5 (8... O-O 9.
Na4 Bb6 10. Nxb6 axb6 11. c3 Qe8) 9. Qd2 Qe7 (9... O-O 10. Rae1 d4 (10... Qd6
11. Nb5 Qe7)) 10. exd5 exd5 11. Nxd5 11... Qe6 {#} (11... Qf7 12. Nc3 O-O 13.
Rfe1 Rae8) 12. Nxc7+ {... 1-0} 1-0

[Event "corr"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1986.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Nudling, H."]
[Black "Gagsch, H."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C40"]
[PlyCount "13"]
[EventDate "1986.??.??"]

{A pin.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 f5 3. Nxe5 Qf6 4. d4 d6 5. Nc4 fxe4 6. Be2 6... Qg6 {#
} 7. Bh5 1-0

[Event "corr Betins mem"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1970.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Robins, E."]
[Black "Anders, W."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C40"]
[PlyCount "19"]
[EventDate "1970.??.??"]

{A skewer.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 f5 3. Bc4 d5 4. Bxd5 Nf6 5. Bb3 Nxe4 6. Nxe5 Nxf2
7. Qh5+ g6 8. Bf7+ 8... Ke7 {#} 9. Qg5+ Kd6 10. Qxd8+ 1-0

[Event "San Francisco"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Koltanowski, George"]
[Black "Nolan, Walter"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C40"]
[PlyCount "13"]
[EventDate "1960.??.??"]

{A net.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Qf6 3. Nc3 Bc5 4. Bc4 d6 5. d3 Ne7 6. h3 6... Ng6 {#}
7. Bg5 1-0

[Event "Oberwart op"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1992.??.??"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Komarek, L."]
[Black "Korn, A."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C44"]
[PlyCount "15"]
[EventDate "1992.??.??"]

{A discovery.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Qd6 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Bc4 {#}
6... Qe4+ 7. Kd1 7... Bd7 {#} 8. Bxf7+ 1-0

[Event "Skopje ol"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1982.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Levy"]
[Black "Vaca"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C44"]
[PlyCount "19"]
[EventDate "1982.??.??"]

{Undermining (removing the guard).} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 d5 5.
exd5 Qxd5 6. cxd4 Bb4+ 7. Nc3 Bg4 8. Be2 Bxf3 9. Bxf3 9... Qxd4 {#} 10. Bxc6+
1-0

[Event "ProMoPro Open"]
[Site "Prague CZE"]
[Date "2004.09.14"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Cebis, Petr"]
[Black "Nemec, Vaclav"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C44"]
[PlyCount "19"]
[EventDate "2004.09.11"]

{The attack on f7.} 1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3 dxc3 4. Nxc3 Nc6 5. Nf3 d6 6. Bb5
Bd7 7. O-O a6 8. Bc4 b5 9. Bb3 9... Be7 {#} 10. Qd5 1-0

[Event "Italy?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1801.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Greco, Gioachino"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C40"]
[PlyCount "13"]
[EventDate "1801.??.??"]

{A decoy.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Qf6 3. Bc4 Qg6 4. O-O 4... Qxe4 {#} 5. Bxf7+ Kxf7 6.
Ng5+ Ke8 7. Nxe4 1-0

[Event "Ljubljana"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1922.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Maroczy, Geza"]
[Black "Vidmar, Milan"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C55"]
[PlyCount "37"]
[EventDate "1922.??.??"]

{Interference.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. Bc4 Bc5 5. O-O Nf6 6. e5 d5
7. exf6 dxc4 8. Re1+ Be6 9. Ng5 Qd5 10. Nc3 Qf5 11. Nce4 Bf8 12. Nxf7 Kxf7 13.
Ng5+ Kg8 14. g4 Qxf6 15. Rxe6 Qd8 16. Qf3 16... Qd7 {#} 17. Re7 Qxe7 18. Qd5+
Qe6 19. Qxe6# 1-0

[Event "Berlin"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1896.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Totsa, Dr"]
[Black "Mascero, N."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C41"]
[PlyCount "19"]
[EventDate "1896.??.??"]

{A clearance sacrifice.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 f5 4. Bc4 fxe4 5. Nxe5 d5 6.
Qh5+ Ke7 7. Qf7+ Kd6 8. Qxd5+ 8... Ke7 {#} 9. Ng6+ hxg6 10. Qe5+ 1-0

[Event "Bishop's opening - in-between move"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "2000.??.??"]
[Round "37"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[ECO "C24"]
[Annotator "mgarcia"]
[PlyCount "17"]

{Intermezzo/Zwischenzug.} 1. e4 e5 2. Bc4 Nf6 3. d4 exd4 4. Nf3 Nxe4 5. Qxd4
Nd6 6. O-O {#} 6... Nxc4 7. Re1+ Be7 8. Qxg7 Rf8 9. Bh6 *

[Event "London (Remove White's Queen)"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1870.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Potter"]
[Black "N.N."]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNB1KBNR w KQkq - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "29"]
[EventDate "1870.??.??"]

{Development is more important than material.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6
4. Nc3 Na5 5. Nxe5 Nxe4 6. d3 6... Nc5 {# Here White announced a forced mate
in 8 moves (which is more than the 6 moves played so far!)} 7. Bxf7+ Ke7 8.
Bg5+ Kd6 9. Nb5+ Kxe5 10. f4+ Kf5 11. Nd4+ Kg4 12. h3+ Kg3 13. Ne2+ Kxg2 14.
Bd5+ Ne4 15. Bxe4# 1-0

[Event "London"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1880.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "Blackburne, Joseph"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C50"]
[PlyCount "28"]
[EventDate "1880.??.??"]

{King safety.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. Bxf7+ Kxf7 5. Nxe5+ Nxe5 6.
Qh5+ g6 7. Qxe5 d6 8. Qxh8 Qh4 9. O-O Nf6 10. c3 10... Ng4 {#} 11. h3 Bxf2+ 12.
Kh1 Bf5 13. Qxa8 Qxh3+ 14. gxh3 Bxe4# 0-1

[Event "Manchester"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1988.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Millner"]
[Black "Blackburne"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C50"]
[PlyCount "26"]
[EventDate "1988.??.??"]

{Weakening the King's defences.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. Bxf7+ Kxf7
5. Nxe5+ Nxe5 6. Qh5+ g6 7. Qxe5 d6 8. Qxh8 Qh4 9. O-O Nf6 10. h3 {#} 10...
Bxh3 11. Qxa8 Qg4 12. g3 Qxg3+ 13. Kh1 Qg2# 1-0

[Event "weak pawns: creating holes"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1876.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "steinitz, w"]
[Black "blackburne, j"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C77"]
[PlyCount "67"]
[EventDate "1876.??.??"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. d3 d6 6. c3 Be7 7. h3 O-O 8. Qe2
Ne8 9. g4 b5 10. Bc2 Bb7 11. Nbd2 Qd7 12. Nf1 Nd8 13. Ne3 Ne6 14. Nf5 g6 15.
Nxe7+ 15... Qxe7 {# "Morphy would probably have been very much surprised if
anybody had told him that only ten moves later White pieces would be settled
permanently on f6 and h6"} 16. Be3 N8g7 17. O-O-O c5 18. d4 exd4 19. cxd4 c4
20. d5 Nc7 21. Qd2 a5 22. Bd4 f6 23. Qh6 b4 24. g5 f5 25. Bf6 {# here we are...
} 25... Qf7 26. exf5 gxf5 27. g6 Qxg6 28. Bxg7 Qxh6+ 29. Bxh6 Rf6 30. Rhg1+ Rg6
31. Bxf5 Kf7 (31... Rxg1 32. Rxg1+ Kh8 33. Bg7+ Kg8 34. Be5+ Kf7 35. Rg7+ Ke8
36. Rxc7) 32. Bxg6+ hxg6 33. Ng5+ Kg8 34. Rge1 1-0


[Event "rook ending: basic draw (Phili"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1995.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "4k3/R7/1r6/4P3/4K3/8/8/8 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "10"]
[EventDate "1995.??.??"]

{#} 1. Kf5 {
# Black K has control of the queening square and bR has control of the sixth}
1... Rb1 2. e6 {now there is no shelter on the board from the checks} (2. Ke6
Rb6+ 3. Kd5 Rb1) 2... Rf1+ 3. Ke5 Re1+ 4. Kd6 Rd1+ 5. Kc6 Re1 1-0

[Event "Lodz"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1907.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Rotlevi, G."]
[Black "Rubinstein, A."]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "D40"]
[PlyCount "50"]
[EventDate "1907.??.??"]

1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 e6 3. e3 c5 4. c4 Nc6 5. Nc3 Nf6 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. a3 a6 8. b4
Bd6 9. Bb2 O-O 10. Qd2 (10. cxd5 exd5 11. Be2) (10. Bd3) 10... Qe7 $1 11. Bd3 (
11. cxd5 $2) 11... dxc4 12. Bxc4 b5 13. Bd3 Rd8 14. Qe2 Bb7 15. O-O Ne5 16.
Nxe5 Bxe5 17. f4 Bc7 18. e4 Rac8 19. e5 Bb6+ 20. Kh1 {# Black's Bishops are
breathing fire.  Black starts an attack where he plays not one combination but
a sequence of them, which White cannot defend against.} 20... Ng4 $1 21. Be4 (
21. Qxg4 $2 21... Rxd3 {Rc3}) (21. Ne4 21... Rxd3 $1 22. Qxd3 Bxe4 23. Qxe4 Qh4
24. h3 Qg3 25. hxg4 Qh4#) (21. Bxh7+ Kxh7 22. Qxg4 22... Rd2 $19) 21... Qh4 $1
22. g3 (22. h3 Rxc3 23. Bxc3 (23. Bxb7 Rxh3+ 24. gxh3 Qxh3+ 25. Qh2 Qxh2#) (23.
Qxg4 Rxh3+ 24. Qxh3 Qxh3+ 25. gxh3 Bxe4+ 26. Kh2 Rd2+ 27. Kg3 Rg2+ 28. Kh4 Bd8+
29. Kh5 Bg6#) 23... Bxe4 24. Qxg4 (24. Qxe4 24... Qg3 $19) 24... Qxg4 25. hxg4
Rd3 26. Kh2 26... Rxc3 $19) 22... Rxc3 $1 23. gxh4 {#} (23. Bxc3 Bxe4+ 24. Qxe4
Qxh2#) (23. Bxb7 Rxg3 24. Rf3 (24. Bf3 24... Nxh2 $19) 24... Rxf3 25. Bxf3 Nf2+
26. Kg1 (26. Kg2 Qh3+ 27. Kg1 Ne4+ 28. Kh1 Ng3#) 26... Ne4+ 27. Kf1 Nd2+ 28.
Kg2 Nxf3 29. Qxf3 (29. Kxf3 Qh5+) 29... Rd2+ $19) 23... Rd2 $1 24. Qxd2 (24.
Qxg4 Bxe4+ 25. Rf3 25... Rxf3 $19) (24. Bxc3 Rxe2 25. Rf2 Bxe4+ 26. Kg1 Bxf2+
27. Kf1 Bf3 28. Rd1 Nxh2#) (24. Bxb7 Rxe2 25. Bg2 25... Rh3 $19) 24... Bxe4+
25. Qg2 {#} 25... Rh3 $3 {Rubinsteins 'Immortal game'.} (25... Rh3 $3 26. Rf3 (
26. Rf2 Bxf2 27. Qxe4 Rxh2#) 26... Bxf3 27. Qxf3 Rxh2#) 0-1

[Event "My System  Page"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1910.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Nimzowitsch"]
[Black "Ryckhoff"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C66"]
[PlyCount "23"]
[EventDate "1910.??.??"]

{Mate by double check.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6 4. O-O d6 5. d4 5...
Nxe4 $2 6. d5 a6 7. Bd3 Nf6 (7... Ne7 8. Bxe4 f5 9. Bd3 e4 10. Re1 exd3 11.
Qxd3) 8. dxc6 e4 9. Re1 9... d5 {#} 10. Be2 $3 10... exf3 11. cxb7 Bxb7 (11...
fxe2 12. bxa8=Q) 12. Bb5# 1-0

[Event "Vienna"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1910.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Reti, Richard"]
[Black "Tartakower, Saviely"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "B15"]
[PlyCount "21"]
[EventDate "1910.??.??"]

{Mate using a double check.} 1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 dxe4 4. Nxe4 Nf6 5. Qd3
e5 6. dxe5 Qa5+ 7. Bd2 Qxe5 8. O-O-O 8... Nxe4 {#} 9. Qd8+ Kxd8 10. Bg5+ Ke8
11. Rd8# 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "????.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alekhine"]
[Black "Generals"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "6k1/5pp1/5b2/5N1Q/3r4/1P6/P1Pq4/1K5R b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "8"]

{Look again! There may be more to see...} 1... Rh4 2. Nxh4 Qd4 3. Qh8+ (3. Kc1
Qa1+ 4. Kd2 Qxh1) 3... Kxh8 4. Ng6+ Kg8 5. Rh8# 1-0

[Event "Tarnopol"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1916.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alekhine, Alexander"]
[Black "Feldt, M."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C11"]
[PlyCount "35"]
[EventDate "1916.??.??"]

{A silent sacrifice, then a noisy one.} 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. exd5
Nxd5 5. Ne4 f5 6. Ng5 Be7 7. N5f3 c6 8. Ne5 O-O 9. Ngf3 b6 10. Bd3 Bb7 11. O-O
Re8 12. c4 Nf6 13. Bf4 Nbd7 14. Qe2 14... c5 {#} 15. Nf7 Kxf7 16. Qxe6+ Kg6 17.
g4 Be4 18. Nh4# 1-0

[Event "DSB-18.Kongress"]
[Site "Breslau"]
[Date "1912.??.??"]
[Round "6"]
[White "Levitsky, Stepan M"]
[Black "Marshall, Frank James"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C10"]
[PlyCount "46"]
[EventDate "1912.??.??"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "1999.07.01"]

{The most famous move ever played.} 1. e4 1... e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6
5. exd5 exd5 6. Be2 Nf6 7. O-O Be7 8. Bg5 O-O 9. dxc5 Be6 10. Nd4 Bxc5 11. Nxe6
fxe6 12. Bg4 Qd6 13. Bh3 Rae8 14. Qd2 Bb4 15. Bxf6 Rxf6 16. Rad1 Qc5 17. Qe2
Bxc3 18. bxc3 Qxc3 19. Rxd5 Nd4 20. Qh5 Ref8 21. Re5 Rh6 22. Qg5 Rxh3 23. Rc5 {
#} {#} 23... Qg3 0-1

[Event "removing the guard deflection"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1914.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Bernstein"]
[Black "Capablanca, Moscow"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "D63"]
[PlyCount "58"]
[EventDate "1914.??.??"]

{The prettiest trap ever played.} 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5.
Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Rc1 b6 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Qa4 Bb7 10. Ba6 Bxa6 11. Qxa6 c5
12. Bxf6 Nxf6 13. dxc5 bxc5 14. O-O Qb6 15. Qe2 c4 16. Rfd1 Rfd8 17. Nd4 Bb4
18. b3 Rac8 19. bxc4 dxc4 20. Rc2 Bxc3 21. Rxc3 Nd5 22. Rc2 c3 23. Rdc1 Rc5 24.
Nb3 Rc6 25. Nd4 Rc7 26. Nb5 {#} 26... Rc5 {( now white jumps at the chance to
rid himself of the bold pawn at c3, but there is a sting in the tail... )} 27.
Nxc3 Nxc3 28. Rxc3 Rxc3 29. Rxc3 {( there is now a very pretty unveiling )}
29... Qb2 {#} (29... Qb2 30. Qc4 (30. Rd3 Qc1+ 31. Qf1 Qxf1+ 32. Kxf1 Rxd3) (
30. Rc2 Qb1+ 31. Qf1 Qxc2) (30. Qc2 Qa1+ 31. Qc1 Rd1+ 32. Qxd1 Qxd1#) 30...
Rd1+ 31. Qf1) 0-1

[Event "London"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1922.??.??"]
[Round "10"]
[White "Alekhine Alexander"]
[Black "Yates Frederick D"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "D64"]
[PlyCount "75"]
[EventDate "1922.??.??"]

{White slowly gets control of the dark squares, then the c-file, then the
seventh rank... and plays a very neat combination to finish.} 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4
e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Rc1 c6 8. Qc2 Re8 9. Bd3 dxc4
10. Bxc4 Nd5 11. Ne4 f5 12. Bxe7 Qxe7 13. Ned2 b5 14. Bxd5 cxd5 15. O-O a5 16.
Nb3 {# Dark squares.} 16... a4 17. Nc5 Nxc5 18. Qxc5 Qxc5 19. Rxc5 {
# Control of the c-file.} 19... b4 20. Rfc1 Ba6 21. Ne5 Reb8 22. f3 b3 23. a3
h6 24. Kf2 Kh7 25. h4 Rf8 26. Kg3 Rfb8 27. Rc7 Bb5 28. R1c5 Ba6 29. R5c6 Re8
30. Kf4 Kg8 31. h5 Bf1 32. g3 Ba6 33. Rf7 Kh7 34. Rcc7 {
# Control of the seventh rank.} 34... Rg8 35. Nd7 35... Kh8 {
# Now a nice finish} 36. Nf6 Rgf8 37. Rxg7 Rxf6 38. Ke5 1-0

[Event "Moskva Wch-m"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1966.??.??"]
[Round "10"]
[White "Petrosian, Tigran"]
[Black "Spassky B V"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "E66"]
[PlyCount "59"]
[EventDate "1966.??.??"]

{A famous decoy combination.} 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O
Nc6 6. Nc3 d6 7. d4 a6 8. d5 Na5 9. Nd2 c5 10. Qc2 e5 11. b3 Ng4 12. e4 f5 13.
exf5 gxf5 14. Nd1 b5 15. f3 e4 16. Bb2 exf3 17. Bxf3 Bxb2 18. Qxb2 Ne5 19. Be2
f4 20. gxf4 Bh3 21. Ne3 Bxf1 22. Rxf1 Ng6 23. Bg4 Nxf4 24. Rxf4 Rxf4 25. Be6+
Rf7 26. Ne4 Qh4 27. Nxd6 Qg5+ 28. Kh1 Raa7 29. Bxf7+ 29... Rxf7 {#} 30. Qh8+
1-0

[Event "Moscow"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1925.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Torre, C."]
[Black "Lasker, Emanuel"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "A46"]
[PlyCount "85"]
[EventDate "1925.??.??"]

{The Windmill combination.} 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. Bg5 c5 4. e3 cxd4 5. exd4
Be7 6. Nbd2 d6 7. c3 Nbd7 8. Bd3 b6 9. Nc4 Bb7 10. Qe2 Qc7 11. O-O O-O 12. Rfe1
Rfe8 13. Rad1 Nf8 14. Bc1 Nd5 15. Ng5 b5 16. Na3 b4 17. cxb4 Nxb4 18. Qh5 Bxg5
19. Bxg5 Nxd3 20. Rxd3 Qa5 21. b4 Qf5 22. Rg3 h6 23. Nc4 Qd5 24. Ne3 24... Qb5
{#} 25. Bf6 Qxh5 26. Rxg7+ Kh8 27. Rxf7+ Kg8 28. Rg7+ Kh8 29. Rxb7+ Kg8 30.
Rg7+ Kh8 31. Rg5+ Kh7 32. Rxh5 Kg6 33. Rh3 Kxf6 34. Rxh6+ Kg5 35. Rh3 Reb8 36.
Rg3+ Kf6 37. Rf3+ Kg6 38. a3 a5 39. bxa5 Rxa5 40. Nc4 Rd5 41. Rf4 Nd7 42. Rxe6+
Kg5 43. g3 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1911.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alapin"]
[Black "Lewitsky"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "5nrk/pp2RQp1/2p4p/5r2/3P4/P1P5/5PRK/1q6 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "1"]

1. Qe8 (1. Qxg8+ Kxg8 2. Rexg7+ Kh8 3. Rg8+ Kh7 4. R2g7#) *

[Event "Amsterdam ct"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1956.??.??"]
[Round "2"]
[White "Petrosian, T."]
[Black "Bronstein, D."]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "E65"]
[PlyCount "72"]
[EventDate "1956.??.??"]

{The most famous blunder in chess history.} 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4.
Bg2 O-O 5. Nf3 c5 6. O-O Nc6 7. d4 d6 8. dxc5 dxc5 9. Be3 Nd7 10. Qc1 Nd4 11.
Rd1 e5 12. Bh6 Qa5 13. Bxg7 Kxg7 14. Kh1 Rb8 15. Nd2 a6 16. e3 Ne6 17. a4 h5
18. h4 f5 19. Nd5 Kh7 20. b3 Rf7 21. Nf3 Qd8 22. Qc3 Qh8 23. e4 fxe4 24. Nd2
Qg7 25. Nxe4 Kh8 26. Rd2 Rf8 27. a5 Nd4 28. b4 cxb4 29. Qxb4 Nf5 30. Rad1 Nd4
31. Re1 Nc6 32. Qa3 Nd4 33. Rb2 Nc6 34. Reb1 Nd4 35. Qd6 35... Nf5 {#} 36. Ng5
$4 36... Nxd6 0-1

[Event "Vienna"]
[Site "Vienna"]
[Date "1899.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "C Schlechter"]
[Black "P Meitner"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C54"]
[PlyCount "67"]

{We get used to the idea that combinations use checks and captures, noisy,
forcing moves, so that quiet moves become hard to spot.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3.
Bc4 Bc5 4. c3 Nf6 5. d4 exd4 6. cxd4 Bb4+ 7. Nc3 Nxe4 8. O-O Bxc3 9. d5 Ne5 10.
bxc3 Nxc4 11. Qd4 f5 12. Qxc4 d6 13. Nd4 O-O 14. f3 Nf6 15. Bg5 h6 16. Bh4 g5
17. Bf2 Kg7 18. Rfe1 Bd7 19. Qb3 c5 20. dxc6 bxc6 21. Ne6+ Bxe6 22. Rxe6 Qd7
23. Rd1 Nd5 24. Bd4+ Kh7 25. Rde1 Rae8 26. Rxe8 Rxe8 27. Rxe8 Qxe8 28. Qb7+ Kg6
29. Qg7+ Kh5 30. h3 Qe6 31. g4+ fxg4 32. hxg4+ 32... Kh4 {#} 33. Qxh6+ Qxh6 34.
Kh2 1-0

[Event "switchback"]
[Site "Palm Handheld"]
[Date "2007.03.06"]
[Round "1"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r5k1/3R3p/2p3p1/qpb5/5Bn1/2PQ4/1P3PP1/1B3K2 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "3"]

{#} 1. Qh3 h5 2. Qd3 *

[Event "New moves"]
[Site "Palm Handheld"]
[Date "2007.03.11"]
[Round "1"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/pp3b1k/q3p2p/5n1P/4B3/2B3r1/PPP3Q1/K6R w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "0"]

{#}  *

[Event "collinear"]
[Site "Palm Handheld"]
[Date "2007.03.11"]
[Round "2"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 *

[Event "hesitation"]
[Site "Palm Handheld"]
[Date "2007.03.11"]
[Round "3"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r5k1/p1p1npp1/5n2/q3B1b1/2BP4/2N4R/PP4PP/3Q3K w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "5"]

{#} 1. Qc2 (1. Qb3 Nfd5) 1... g6 2. Qb3 Nfd5 3. Rh8# *

[Event "switchback"]
[Site "Palm Handheld"]
[Date "2007.03.11"]
[Round "4"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "6k1/pp4pp/2r5/8/2P5/1PK5/P4PP1/3R4 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "3"]

{#} 1. Rd8+ Kf7 2. Rd7+ *

[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"]
[Site "0:34:33-0:25:33"]
[Date "2006.11.27"]
[Round "2"]
[White "Deep Fritz (Computer)"]
[Black "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "D20"]
[PlyCount "69"]

{It's always harder to spot your opponent's threats than your own.} 1. d4 d5 2.
c4 dxc4 3. e4 b5 4. a4 c6 5. Nc3 b4 6. Na2 Nf6 7. e5 Nd5 8. Bxc4 e6 9. Nf3 a5
10. Bg5 Qb6 11. Nc1 Ba6 12. Qe2 h6 13. Be3 Bxc4 14. Qxc4 Nd7 15. Nb3 Be7 16.
Rc1 O-O 17. O-O Rfc8 18. Qe2 c5 19. Nfd2 Qc6 20. Qh5 Qxa4 21. Nxc5 Nxc5 22.
dxc5 Nxe3 23. fxe3 Bxc5 24. Qxf7+ Kh8 25. Qf3 Rf8 26. Qe4 Qd7 27. Nb3 Bb6 28.
Rfd1 Qf7 29. Rf1 Qa7 30. Rxf8+ Rxf8 31. Nd4 a4 32. Nxe6 Bxe3+ 33. Kh1 Bxc1 34.
Nxf8 34... Qe3 {#} 35. Qh7# 1-0

[Event "Petropolis Interzonal"]
[Site "Petropolis"]
[Date "1973.08.15"]
[Round "16"]
[White "Reshevsky, Samuel Herman"]
[Black "Savon, Vladimir A"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "A77"]
[WhiteElo "2565"]
[BlackElo "2570"]
[PlyCount "80"]
[EventDate "1973.??.??"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "1999.07.01"]

{Long backwards moves can be hard to spot.} 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 e6 4. Nc3
exd5 5. cxd5 d6 6. e4 g6 7. Nf3 Bg7 8. Be2 O-O 9. O-O Re8 10. Nd2 Nbd7 11. a4
Rb8 12. Qc2 a6 13. Nc4 Nb6 14. Na3 Bd7 15. Bg5 h6 16. Bf4 Nxa4 17. Bxd6 Nxc3
18. bxc3 Nxe4 19. Bxb8 Nxc3 20. Bf3 Qxb8 21. Rae1 Rxe1 22. Rxe1 b5 23. Qd2 Qd6
24. Re3 Na4 25. Qa5 c4 26. Nb1 Bf5 27. Nd2 c3 28. Ne4 Qa3 29. Nxc3 Bxc3 30.
Qd8+ Kg7 31. g4 Qc1+ 32. Kg2 Bf6 33. Qd6 Bb1 34. Re8 Qc5 35. Qb8 Nb6 36. Rh8
Be7 37. Rg8+ Kh7 38. Qe8 h5 39. Qxf7+ 39... Kh6 {#} 40. Qxg6+ Bxg6 0-1

[Event "Devon vs. Glos"]
[Site "CP"]
[Date "2006.01.29"]
[Round "12"]
[White "Regis, D."]
[Black "Baker, P."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "A16"]
[PlyCount "91"]

{New moves are hard to see: that is, a move that isn't possible in the
position in front of you.} 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 b6 3. e4 e5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. d4 Nxd4
6. Nxd4 exd4 7. Qxd4 Bc5 8. Qe5+ Qe7 9. Qxe7+ Bxe7 10. Bd3 Bb7 11. O-O O-O-O
12. Bf4 d6 13. Rac1 Nd7 14. Nd5 Rhe8 15. Rfe1 Ne5 16. Bf1 h6 17. Rc3 Bg5 18.
Bxg5 hxg5 19. Rg3 f6 20. f4 Nf7 21. Kf2 Kd7 22. h4 c6 23. Nc3 Rf8 24. Be2 Kc8
25. b3 Rh8 26. hxg5 fxg5 27. fxg5 Ne5 28. Rh3 Rdf8+ 29. Kg3 Kd7 30. Reh1 Rhg8
31. Nd1 Ng6 32. Bg4+ Ke7 33. Ne3 Kd8 34. Nf5 Kc7 35. Rh7 c5 36. Nxg7 Kb8 37.
Bf5 Ne5 38. Be6 {# Black has a think:} 38... Bxe4 {# Black thinks that he will
take White's Rook, and White will take Black's Rook, and that will be a fair
swap.} 39. Bxg8 Bxh7 (39... Rxg8 40. Rh8 Rxh8 41. Rxh8+ Kc7 42. Kf4 Bb1 43.
Ne8+ Kd7 44. Nf6+ Ke7 45. Nd5+ Kf7 46. Nc3 Bg6 47. g4) 40. Bxh7 {(Black lost
on time)  White's last move was not possible when Black started thinking about
the position.} 40... Rh8 41. Nf5 Ng6 42. Nxd6 Nf8 43. Nf7 Rxh7 44. Rxh7 Nxh7
45. g6 Nf6 46. Nh6 1-0

[Event "Hastings"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1895.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Steinitz, W."]
[Black "Von Bardeleben, C."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C54"]
[PlyCount "49"]
[EventDate "1895.??.??"]

{A famous attack by old Steinitz.} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. c3 Nf6 5.
d4 exd4 6. cxd4 Bb4+ 7. Nc3 $5 (7. Bd2 $1) 7... d5 $2 (7... Nxe4 $142 8. O-O
Bxc3 9. bxc3 9... d5 {Steinitz-Schlechter/Hastings/1895}) 8. exd5 Nxd5 9. O-O
Be6 (9... Nxc3 10. bxc3 Bxc3 11. Bxf7+ Kf8 12. Qb3 Bxa1 13. Ba3+ Ne7 14. Re1
$40 {+-}) (9... Bxc3 10. bxc3 Nxc3 11. Qb3 $40) 10. Bg5 Be7 (10... Qd7 11. Bxd5
Bxd5 12. Re1+ Be7 13. Nxd5 {Wins a tempo.}) 11. Bxd5 $1 11... Bxd5 12. Nxd5 (
12. Bxe7 Nxe7 13. Re1 O-O 14. Rxe7 $2 {Zaitsev} 14... Qxe7 $2 (14... Bxf3 $1
$17 {Fritz2}) 15. Nxd5) 12... Qxd5 13. Bxe7 Nxe7 (13... Kxe7 14. Rc1 Rhe8 (
14... Kd7 15. Qa4 $40) 15. Rc5 Qd6 16. Qc1 (16. Qc2 $5)) 14. Re1 f6 15. Qe2 Qd7
(15... Qd6 $2 16. Qb5+ Qc6 17. Qb4 Qd6 18. Qxb7) 16. Rac1 $6 (16. Rad1 $1 {
Zaitsev} 16... Kf7 17. Qc4+ Nd5 18. Ne5+ fxe5 19. dxe5 $18) 16... c6 $2 (16...
Kf7 $1 {Black can save the game.} 17. Qxe7+ $2 (17. Qc4+ Nd5) 17... Qxe7 18.
Rxe7+ Kxe7 19. Rxc7+ Kd6 20. Rxb7 Rhb8 21. Rxg7 (21. Rxb8 Rxb8 22. b3 22... Kd5
$15) 21... Rxb2 22. h3 22... Rxa2 $44) (16... Kf8) (16... Kd8) 17. d5 $3 17...
cxd5 (17... Kf7 18. dxc6 Nxc6 19. Rcd1 $40) 18. Nd4 Kf7 19. Ne6 {
# (idea to play 20.Rc7)} 19... Rhc8 (19... Rac8 20. Qg4) (19... Nc6 20. Nc5 Qc8
21. Qb5 Rb8 (21... Nd8 22. Nd7 Nc6 23. Qxd5+ Kg6 24. g4 $40) 22. Na6 Ra8 (22...
bxa6 23. Qxd5+) 23. Qxd5+ Kg6 24. Nc5 Rd8 25. Qe4+ f5 26. Qh4 $40) 20. Qg4 $1
20... g6 21. Ng5+ Ke8 (21... fxg5 $4 22. Qxd7 $18) 22. Rxe7+ {#} 22... Kf8 {
The Queen can take the Rook, and the Rook can take the Queen, but the best
move for each side is not to do that! The Rook walks up and down the line of
the Queen's attack in a way that is most unusual. John Nunn calls this a
*collinear* move, a move with the line.} (22... Qxe7 23. Rxc8+ Rxc8 24. Qxc8+
$18) (22... Kxe7 23. Re1+ Kd6 24. Qb4+ Rc5 (24... Kc6 25. Rc1#) (24... Kc7 25.
Ne6+ Kb8 26. Qf4+ $18) 25. Ne4+ $18) 23. Rf7+ $1 (23. Qxd7 $4 23... Rxc1+ $19)
23... Kg8 $1 (23... Qxf7 24. Rxc8+ Rxc8 25. Qxc8+ Qe8 26. Nxh7+ $18) 24. Rg7+
$1 24... Kh8 $1 (24... Kf8 25. Nxh7+ Kxg7 26. Qxd7+ $18) 25. Rxh7+ $1 {
Black dissapeared from the tournament hall without resigning... Steinitz
demonstrated the mate in ten moves:} (25. Rxh7+ $1 25... Kg8 26. Rg7+ Kh8 27.
Qh4+ Kxg7 28. Qh7+ Kf8 29. Qh8+ Ke7 30. Qg7+ Ke8 31. Qg8+ Ke7 32. Qf7+ Kd8 33.
Qf8+ Qe8 34. Nf7+ Kd7 35. Qd6#) 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1992.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Blumenthal"]
[Black "N.N."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C44"]
[PlyCount "25"]
[EventDate "1992.??.??"]

{Short moves can be harder to spot than long ones!} 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3
Nf6 4. d4 Nxe4 5. d5 Nb8 6. Bd3 Nc5 7. Nxe5 Qe7 8. O-O Qd6 9. Bg5 Qxd5 (9... f6
10. Re1 fxe5 11. Rxe5+ Qxe5 12. Qh5+ g6 13. Qxg6+ hxg6 14. Bxg6#) 10. Re1 Ne6
11. Nxf7 (11. Bg6 Qxd1 12. Bxf7#) 11... Rg8 {
# Now Bxh7 is obvious but the move which wins is shorter:} 12. Bg6 Qxd1 13.
Nd6# 1-0

[Event "zugzwang"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1975.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Kaplan, J."]
[Black "Bronstein, D."]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C11"]
[PlyCount "52"]
[EventDate "1975.??.??"]

{Zugzwang means 'forced move': it's White's turn, but White doesn't want to
move!} 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 dxe4 5. Nxe4 Be7 6. Bxf6 gxf6 7. Nf3
Nd7 (7... b6) 8. Qd2 c5 9. d5 f5 10. dxe6 fxe4 11. exd7+ Qxd7 12. Qc3 O-O 13.
Nd2 Qf5 14. O-O-O Qxf2 15. Nxe4 {
"White ties himself up regaining an unimportant Pawn"} (15. Bc4) 15... Qf4+ 16.
Nd2 Bg4 17. Re1 Bg5 18. Bd3 Rae8 19. Ref1 Qe3 20. h3 Be2 21. Rf5 Bh6 22. Bxe2
Qxc3 23. bxc3 Rxe2 24. Rd5 Rxd2 25. Rxd2 Rd8 26. Rhd1 26... c4 {# Zugzwang! 
Once White runs out of Pawn moves, he must move a piece and lose the Rook on
d2.} 0-1

[Event "zugzwang"]
[Site "coakley"]
[Date "2007.03.31"]
[Round "4"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "1rb2k2/4n3/1p1Np1p1/1P2Pp1p/5P1P/5BK1/8/2R5 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "1"]

{Another example of zugzwang:} {#} 1. Rc7 *

[Event "Exeter vs. Exmouth"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "2006.02.18"]
[Round "5"]
[White "Regis, D."]
[Black "Neat, R."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "A39"]
[PlyCount "85"]

1. c4 (1. e4 c5 (1... Nf6 2. Nc3 d5 3. exd5 Nxd5 4. Bc4 Nb6 5. Bb3 c5 6. Qh5 e6
7. d3 Nc6 8. Ne4 8... Nd7 {Seymour-Kirsanov(216) 1-0}) (1... e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3.
Bc4 (3. Bb5 a6 4. Bxc6 dxc6 5. d3 Bd6 6. Be3 f6 7. Nbd2 7... Be6 {
Jones-Pope 1/2}) 3... Nf6 4. d3 4... h6 {Hurst-Hall 1/2}) 2. c3 Nf6 3. e5 Nd5
4. Nf3 Nc6 5. d4 cxd4 6. cxd4 e6 7. Bc4 Nb6 8. Bb3 8... Na5 {Cox-Bolt 0-1})
1... c5 (1... e6 2. Nc3 b6 3. e4 Bb7 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. Bd3 {Hewson-Jamieson 1-0})
2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. d4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 O-O 8. O-O Nxd4 9.
Qxd4 d6 10. Bg5 Qa5 (10... Be6) 11. Qd2 11... Rb8 {
# An in-between move that takes advantage of the loose black Queen.} (11... Qb4
) 12. Nd5 Qxd2 13. Nxe7+ Kh8 14. Bxd2 Be6 (14... Bd7 15. Bf4) 15. Nd5 Nxd5 16.
cxd5 Bg4 17. f3 Bd7 18. Rab1 Rbc8 19. Rfc1 Rxc1+ 20. Rxc1 (20. Bxc1 Bb5 21. e4
Bd3 22. Ra1 Bd4+ 23. Kh1 Rc8) 20... Bxb2 21. Rc7 Bc8 22. Bb4 Bd4+ 23. Kf1 Bb6
24. Bxd6 Bxc7 (24... Rd8 25. Be5+ Kg8 26. Rc1) 25. Bxf8 Kg8 26. Bc5 f6 27. e4
b6 28. Bd4 Kf7 29. f4 Ke7 30. e5 fxe5 31. fxe5 Bd8 32. Ke2 Ba6+ 33. Ke3 Bc4 34.
a3 Kf7 35. e6+ Ke8 36. Be5 Bg5+ 37. Kd4 Bb5 38. Bc7 Bc1 39. d6 Bb2+ 40. Kd5
Bxa3 41. Bh3 Bxd6 42. Kxd6 Bd3 43. Bg2 1-0

[Event "who needs to improve tactical"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1994.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "kasparov"]
[Black "karpov"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[ECO "B17"]
[PlyCount "81"]
[EventDate "1994.??.??"]

1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nd2 dxe4 4. Nxe4 Nd7 5. Bc4 Ngf6 6. Ng5 e6 7. Qe2 Nb6 8.
Bb3 h6 9. N5f3 a5 10. c3 c5 11. a3 Qc7 12. Ne5 cxd4 13. cxd4 {#} 13... a4 (
13... Bxa3) 14. Bc2 Bd7 15. Nxd7 Nbxd7 16. Qd1 Bd6 17. Ne2 Nd5 18. Bd2 b5 19.
Nc3 Nxc3 20. Bxc3 Nf6 21. Qd3 Nd5 22. Bd2 Ke7 23. Rc1 Qc4 24. Ke2 Rhb8 25. g3
Qxd3+ 26. Bxd3 b4 27. Ra1 bxa3 28. bxa3 Rb3 29. Bc2 Rxa3 30. Rxa3 Bxa3 31. Ra1
Bb2 32. Rxa4 Rxa4 33. Bxa4 Bxd4 34. f4 Kd6 35. Kf3 f5 36. h4 Bb2 37. g4 fxg4+
38. Kxg4 Nf6+ 39. Kf3 Nd5 40. Bc2 Bf6 41. h5 1/2-1/2

[Event "east devon #5"]
[Site "east devon #5"]
[Date "1994.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Grist, Howard"]
[Black "Regis, David"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "B06"]
[WhiteElo "1895"]
[BlackElo "1935"]
[PlyCount "67"]

1. e4 g6 2. d4 Bg7 3. Nf3 d6 4. h3 c6 5. Be3 b5 6. Be2 Nf6 7. Nbd2 Nbd7 8. O-O
O-O 9. c3 a5 10. a4 b4 (10... bxa4 11. Rxa4) 11. c4 e5 12. dxe5 dxe5 13. c5 Qe7
14. Rc1 Rd8 15. Qb3 Nf8 16. Bc4 Nh5 (16... Be6 17. Ng5 Bxc4 18. Nxc4 Ne6 19.
Nxe6 Qxe6 20. Qc2 Nh5) 17. Ng5 Be6 18. Nxe6 Nxe6 19. Bxe6 fxe6 20. Rfd1 Nf4 21.
Kf1 Rd3 22. Qc2 Rxe3 23. fxe3 Nh5 24. Nf3 Rf8 25. Kg1 Bh6 26. Re1 b3 27. Qc3
Rxf3 28. gxf3 Qh4 29. Qxe5 {#} 29... Qxh3 (29... Nf4 $1 30. Qb8+ (30. exf4
30... Qg3+ {with perpetual check.}) 30... Kf7 31. Qc7+ Kg8 32. Qc8+ Bf8 33.
exf4 Qg3+ 34. Kf1 Qxf3+ 35. Kg1 Qg3+ 36. Kh1 Qf3+ 37. Kh2 Qf2+ 38. Kh1 Qf3+ 39.
Kg1 Qg3+) 30. Kf2 Qh4+ 31. Ke2 Ng3+ 32. Kd3 Qd8+ 33. Kc4 Qc8 34. Qxg3 1-0

[Event "interference fork, pin, back r"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1976.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "crotto"]
[Black "hindle, haifa"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "B71"]
[PlyCount "29"]
[EventDate "1976.??.??"]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 g6 6. f4 Bg7 7. e5 dxe5 8.
fxe5 8... Ng4 {# ( white now has a lovely interference move )} 9. Bb5+ Bd7 10.
Qxg4 Bxb5 11. Ndxb5 Bxe5 12. Bh6 a6 13. Rd1 Qb6 14. Qc8+ {
( black resigns, not before time! )} 14... Qd8 15. Rxd8# 1-0

[Event "Candidates qf2"]
[Site "Bad Lauterberg"]
[Date "1980.??.??"]
[Round "9"]
[White "Huebner, Robert"]
[Black "Adorjan, Andras"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[ECO "A05"]
[WhiteElo "2600"]
[BlackElo "2550"]
[PlyCount "132"]
[EventDate "1980.03.??"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "1999.07.01"]

1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 b6 3. Bg2 Bb7 4. O-O c5 5. d3 g6 6. e4 d6 7. Nh4 Nc6 8. f4 Bg7
9. Nc3 O-O 10. f5 Ne5 11. Bf4 e6 12. Qd2 Qd7 13. h3 Nh5 14. Ne2 Nxf4 15. Qxf4
h6 16. Qc1 g5 17. Nf3 Nxf3+ 18. Rxf3 exf5 19. Rxf5 d5 20. Nc3 dxe4 21. dxe4
Rae8 22. Nd5 Qa4 23. c3 Rxe4 24. Nf6+ Bxf6 25. Rxf6 Kg7 26. Rd6 Qe8 27. Rd2 Re7
28. Bxb7 Rxb7 29. Qf1 Qe3+ 30. Qf2 Re8 31. Rad1 Rbe7 32. Rf1 Qxf2+ 33. Rfxf2
Kg6 34. g4 Re6 35. Kg2 R8e7 36. Rd8 f6 37. Rg8+ Rg7 38. Rf8 Rd7 39. Rg8+ Kf7
40. Rh8 Kg7 41. Ra8 Red6 42. a4 Rd2 43. b4 cxb4 44. cxb4 R2d4 45. Rb2 Rd3 46.
Ra2 R3d4 47. b5 Rf4 48. Ra3 Rf7 49. Kg3 f5 50. gxf5 h5 51. Kh2 Rf2+ 52. Kg1
R2xf5 53. Rg3 Rc7 54. Kh2 Rd5 55. Rg2 Re5 56. Rd8 Rec5 57. Rgd2 h4 58. Kg2 Rc4
59. R2d5 Rxa4 60. Rxg5+ Kf6 61. Rdg8 Ra2+ 62. Kf3 Rc3+ 63. Kg4 Rg2+ 64. Kh5
Rxg5+ 65. Rxg5 65... Rc5 {# Exchanging into a won endgame?} 66. Kxh4 $1 66...
Rxg5 {stalemate!} 1/2-1/2

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "????.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alekhine"]
[Black "General"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "6k1/5pp1/5b2/5N1Q/3r4/1P6/P1Pq4/1K5R b - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "8"]

{# There is a story that world champion Alekhin played against a Nazi general
blindfold (so the general could see the board but Alekhin could not). In this
position, the general, who was Black, resigned because of the threat 1.Qh8 #.
Alekhin then offered to take the Black pieces in the position, and then played
} 1... Rh4 $1 2. Nxh4 2... Qd4 {The general again resigned, this time as White,
since 3. Kc1 Qa1+ 4. Kd2 Qxh1 wins for Black. But Alekhin again offered to
take the White side, and played} 3. Qh8+ $1 (3. Kc1 Qa1+ 4. Kd2 Qxh1) 3... Kxh8
4. Ng6+ Kg8 5. Rh8# {This is one of the things that doing puzzles and studies
can teach you: that even if you see something, there could be still more to
see.} 1-0

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1920.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Ahues"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r4rk1/pbp2ppp/1p3n2/8/2PQ4/2BR3P/PP2qPP1/6K1 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "5"]

{# In this game played by the chess master Ahues, he has lost or sacrificed a
lot of material as White. Yet it was Black who resigned after} 1. Qxf6 1...
gxf6 ({There is actually a really clever defence for Black:} 1... Qg4 {
This defends against the mate on g7, threatens mate on g2 and interferes with
the Rg3 idea. What went wrong here? We guess that Black saw the combination
and just thought, "oh dear, missed that, never mind...". Combinations in real
life sometimes have holes in them - and if you look, you might findthem!}) 2.
Rg3+ Kh8 3. Bxf6# *


[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1911.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alapin"]
[Black "Lewitsky"]
[Result "*"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "5nrk/pp2RQp1/2p4p/5r2/3P4/P1P5/5PRK/1q6 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "1"]

{# In this position, chess master Alapin played 1. Qe8 and lost. We bet if
someone had put this position in front of him and said "mate in four" he would
have played straightaway:} 1. Qe8 (1. Qxg8+ Kxg8 2. Rexg7+ Kh8 3. Rg8+ Kh7 4.
R2g7# {What went wrong here?  We guess that Alapin simply wasn't looking.  He
didn't think this was the sort of position where a combination was likely, and
so he didn't look for one.  You should analyse what happens after every check
and every capture in the position - so Qxg8+ should have been the *first* move
he thought of!}) *

[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1922.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "W"]
[Black "B"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "Rinck"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "6q1/6p1/2k4p/R6B/p7/8/2P3P1/2K5 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "9"]
[EventDate "1996.??.??"]

{# A study on the theme of skewers by Rinck:} 1. Ra8 1... Qa2 (1... Qxa8 2.
Bf3+) (1... Qe6 2. Ra6+) (1... Qd5 2. Bf3) (1... Qc4 2. Rc8+) 2. Rxa4 Qg8 (2...
Qxa4 3. Be8+) 3. Ra8 Qh7 (3... Qxa8 4. Bf3+) 4. Bg6 Qxg6 5. Ra6+ {
Beautiful!  Four dainty puzzles in a row.} 1-0


[Event "rook ending: basic win (Lucena"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "2008.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "NN"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "2k5/8/4K3/4P3/8/8/3R4/5r2 w - - 0 1"]
[PlyCount "25"]
[EventDate "2008.??.??"]

{#} 1. Ke7 {
#  White has control of the sixth/seventh with the K and the bK is cut off}
1... Kc7 2. Rc2+ Kb6 3. e6 Rd1 4. Ke8 Rg1 5. e7 5... Rf1 {#} 6. Rc4 {
the critical manoeuvre: 'BUILDING A BRIDGE'} ({#} 6. Rh2 {although the
'bridge' manoeuvre is always emphasised in the books, there is also a win by
getting the king out on the short side, e.g.} 6... Kc7 7. Rh7 Rf2 8. Rf7 Rh2 9.
Rf8 Rh7 (9... Re2 10. Kf7) 10. Rf1 Rh8+ 11. Kf7 Rh7+ 12. Kf8 Rh8+ 13. Kg7 Re8
14. Kf7 {This is important because the bridge-building manoeuvre may not be
available, and vice versa.}) 6... Rf2 7. Kd7 Rd2+ 8. Ke6 Re2+ 9. Kd6 Re3 10.
Rb4+ Ka7 (10... Ka5 11. Rb8) 11. Rb5 Rd3+ 12. Ke6 Re3+ 13. Re5 1-0

