"" 
[Event "St Petersburg"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1909.??.??"]
[Round "10"]
[White "Cohn, Erich"]
[Black "Rubinstein, Akiba"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/pp2kppp/4p3/8/1P6/P3PP2/5P1P/2K5 b - - 0 25"]
[PlyCount "0"]
[EventDate "1909.??.??"]

 0-1

[Event "rooks on files: half-open"]
[Site "rooks on files: half-open"]
[Date "1894.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tarrasch"]
[Black "von scheve, leipzig (etc.)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r1bqk2r/pp1nbppp/2p1p3/3p4/2PPnB2/2N1PN1P/PP3PP1/R2QKB1R w KQkq - 0 8"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "Albena 5th"]
[Site "Albena"]
[Date "1973.09.12"]
[Round "11"]
[White "Estrin, Yacov"]
[Black "Pytel, Krzysztof"]
[Result "0-1"]
[WhiteElo "2420"]
[BlackElo "2390"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "2r2rk1/1p1bq3/p3p2p/3pPpp1/1P1Q4/P7/2P2PPP/2R1RBK1 b - - 0 19"]
[PlyCount "0"]
[EventDate "1973.09.01"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "2000.11.22"]

 0-1

[Event "Moscow"]
[Site "Moscow"]
[Date "1925.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tartakower, Saviely"]
[Black "Rubinstein, Akiba"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r1b2r1k/pp2q1pp/2p2p2/2p1n2N/4P3/1PNP2QP/1PP2RP1/5RK1 w - - 0 19"]
[PlyCount "0"]
[EventDate "1925.11.10"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "1999.07.01"]

 1-0

[Event "a rook/knight ending: two weak"]
[Site "a rook/knight ending: two wea"]
[Date "1921.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Lasker, Emanuel"]
[Black "Capablanca, Jose (Havana m10)"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "6k1/p4p2/2r1p1p1/3p1n2/1q1P3p/1P5P/P3NPP1/1Q1R2K1 b - - 0 31"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 0-1

[Event "Top 10 endgames: "]
[Site "weak pawns: weak colour compl"]
[Date "1922.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alekhine, A."]
[Black "Yates, F."]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r1b1r1k1/3nq1pp/4p3/pp1p1p2/3P4/4PN2/PPQN1PPP/2R2RK1 w - a6 0 16"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "bishops: bad bishop?"]
[Site "bishops: bad bishop?"]
[Date "1939.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Botvinnik"]
[Black "kann"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "2br2k1/5pp1/1p3q1p/2pBpP2/2P1P3/P6P/2Q3P1/5RK1 w - - 0 27"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "a rook ending: two weaknesses"]
[Site "a rook ending: two weaknesses"]
[Date "1975.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Hug"]
[Black "Barle (Pula izt)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r3k2r/ppp2p2/5p1p/2p1p3/4P3/1P1P3P/1PP2PP1/R3K2R w KQkq - 0 16"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "defence: repairing weaknesses"]
[Site "defence: repairing weaknesses"]
[Date "1973.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Uhlmann"]
[Black "Karpov"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "8/1b4bk/p3p2p/1p2q2p/4P3/P6Q/1P1r2P1/1B1N1R1K b - - 0 37"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 0-1

[Event "Top 10 endgames: "]
[Site "Paris"]
[Date "1933.??.??"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Znosko Borovsky Euge"]
[Black "Alekhine Alexander"]
[Result "0-1"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "r4rk1/1pp1bp1p/p7/4p3/8/2P5/PP3PPP/R1BR2K1 w - - 0 16"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 0-1

[Event "planning: dynamic vs. classica"]
[Site "planning: dynamic vs. classic"]
[Date "1942.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "ragozin"]
[Black "boleslavsky, sverdlovsk (SUETIN)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "rnbq1rk1/pp2bppp/2p2p2/8/2BP4/5N2/PPP1QPPP/R1B1K2R w KQ - 0 9"]
[PlyCount "0"]

 1-0

[Event "St Petersburg"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1909.??.??"]
[Round "10"]
[White "Cohn, Erich"]
[Black "Rubinstein, Akiba"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "D21"]
[PlyCount "72"]
[EventDate "1909.??.??"]

1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 c5 3. c4 dxc4 4. dxc5 Qxd1+ 5. Kxd1 Nc6 6. e3 Bg4 7. Bxc4 e6 8.
a3 Bxc5 9. b4 Bd6 10. Bb2 Nf6 11. Nbd2 Ke7 12. Ke2 Be5 13. Bxe5 Nxe5 14. Rhc1
Rac8 15. Bb3 Rhd8 16. Nc4 Nxc4 17. Rxc4 Rxc4 18. Bxc4 Ne4 19. Ke1 Bxf3 20. gxf3
Nd6 21. Be2 Rc8 22. Kd2 Nc4+ 23. Bxc4 Rxc4 24. Rc1 Rxc1 25. Kxc1 25... Kf6 26.
Kd2 Kg5 27. Ke2 Kh4 28. Kf1 Kh3 29. Kg1 f5 30. Kh1 g5 31. Kg1 h5 32. Kh1 g4 33.
e4 fxe4 34. fxe4 h4 35. Kg1 g3 36. hxg3 hxg3 0-1

[Event "rooks on files: half-open"]
[Site "rooks on files: half-open"]
[Date "1894.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tarrasch"]
[Black "von scheve, leipzig (etc.)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "D37"]
[PlyCount "59"]

1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. Bf4 c6 6. e3 Nbd7 7. h3 7... Ne4 $2
8. Nxe4 {"The decisive mistake. After the following exchange, Black is left
with a weak KP which requires protection. If it is to be maintained
permanently, ..f5 must be played, but then f3 renews the attack. Black must
capture, whereupon the g-file is opened for White. The result is a combined
and irresistible attack with both rooks, queen & bishop against g7. In all
chess literature I do not know of another game in which, after the eighth (!)
move, it is possible to conceive a plan in such detail, almost leading to mate,
and which in the remaining 20 moves consistently leads up to a catastrophe"}
8... dxe4 9. Nd2 9... Bb4 $6 {"Had Black foreseen the consequences of my plan
(which could hardly have been expected of him) he would have retained this
Bishop for the protection of the g pawn." - Tarrasch} 10. a3 Bxd2+ 11. Qxd2 O-O
12. Qc2 f5 13. Bd6 Re8 14. O-O-O Nf6 15. Be5 Bd7 16. f3 exf3 17. gxf3 b5 18.
Rg1 Rf8 19. Rd2 Rf7 20. Rdg2 {  All predictions fulfilled!} 20... a5 21. Qf2
Ne8 22. Rg5 Qe7 23. Qh4 Nf6 24. Qh6 Ra7 25. Bd6 Qxd6 26. Rxg7+ Kf8 27. Rxh7+
Ke7 28. Rxf7+ Kxf7 29. Rg7+ Kf8 30. Qxf6+ 1-0

[Event "Albena 5th"]
[Site "Albena"]
[Date "1973.09.12"]
[Round "11"]
[White "Estrin, Yacov"]
[Black "Pytel, Krzysztof"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C05"]
[WhiteElo "2420"]
[BlackElo "2390"]
[PlyCount "147"]
[EventDate "1973.09.01"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "2000.11.22"]

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nd2 Nf6 4. e5 Ne4 5. Bd3 Nxd2 6. Bxd2 c5 7. Nf3 cxd4 8.
O-O Nc6 9. a3 Be7 10. b4 a6 11. Re1 O-O 12. Bf4 Bd7 13. Qd2 f5 14. Bg5 h6 15.
Bxe7 Qxe7 16. Bf1 Rac8 17. Rac1 g5 18. Nxd4 Nxd4 19. Qxd4 {} 19... Bb5 20. Bd3
Bc4 21. h4 gxh4 22. Qf4 Qg5 23. g3 hxg3 24. fxg3 Rf7 25. Kf2 Rfc7 26. Rcd1 Bxd3
27. cxd3 Rc2+ 28. Ke3 d4+ 29. Kxd4 Qd8+ 30. Ke3 Qb6+ 31. Qd4 Qxd4+ 32. Kxd4
Rd8+ 33. Ke3 Rc3 34. g4 fxg4 35. Rg1 h5 36. Rh1 Rd7 37. Rxh5 Rh7 38. Rxh7 Kxh7
39. Rg1 Rxa3 40. Rxg4 Rb3 41. Rf4 Kg7 42. Rf6 Rxb4 43. Rxe6 a5 44. d4 a4 45.
Re8 b5 46. Ra8 Rb3+ 47. Ke4 a3 48. d5 b4 49. d6 Rb1 50. Ra7+ Kg6 51. d7 Re1+
52. Kf4 Rf1+ 53. Ke4 Re1+ 54. Kf4 Rf1+ 55. Ke3 Rd1 56. Ra6+ Kf5 57. Rd6 Rxd6
58. exd6 a2 59. d8=Q a1=Q 60. Qc8+ Kg6 61. d7 Qe5+ 62. Kd2 Qd4+ 63. Kc2 b3+ 64.
Kxb3 Qd3+ 65. Ka4 Qd4+ 66. Ka5 Qd5+ 67. Kb6 Qd4+ 68. Kb7 Qb4+ 69. Ka7 Qd4+ 70.
Ka8 Qd5+ 71. Kb8 Qe5+ 72. Qc7 Qb5+ 73. Ka7 Qa4+ 74. Kb7 1-0

[Event "Moscow"]
[Site "Moscow"]
[Date "1925.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tartakower, Saviely"]
[Black "Rubinstein, Akiba"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C28"]
[PlyCount "73"]
[EventDate "1925.11.10"]
[Source "ChessBase"]
[SourceDate "1999.07.01"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Be3 d6 6. Bxc5 dxc5 7. Nge2 Na5 8.
Bb3 Nxb3 9. axb3 O-O 10. O-O Ng4 11. h3 Nh6 12. f4 exf4 13. Nxf4 f6 14. Qf3 Nf7
15. Rf2 Ne5 16. Qg3 c6 17. Nh5 Qe7 18. Raf1 Kh8 19. Nd1 19... Bd7 20. Ne3 Rad8
21. Nf5 Bxf5 22. exf5 Qd7 23. Rf4 Rfe8 24. Kh1 Re7 25. Re4 Rde8 26. Qh4 Kg8 27.
Qf2 b6 28. Rfe1 Kh8 29. R1e3 Kg8 30. Rg3 Kh8 31. Rxg7 Rxg7 32. Nxf6 Qe7 33.
Nxe8 Qxe8 34. Qf4 Re7 35. f6 Ng6 36. Rxe7 Nxe7 37. f7 1-0

[Event "a rook/knight ending: two weak"]
[Site "a rook/knight ending: two wea"]
[Date "1921.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Lasker, Emanuel"]
[Black "Capablanca, Jose (Havana m10)"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "D61"]
[PlyCount "136"]

1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Qc2 c5 8. Rd1
Qa5 9. Bd3 h6 10. Bh4 cxd4 11. exd4 dxc4 12. Bxc4 Nb6 13. Bb3 Bd7 14. O-O Rac8
15. Ne5 Bb5 16. Rfe1 Nbd5 17. Bxd5 Nxd5 18. Bxe7 Nxe7 19. Qb3 Bc6 20. Nxc6 bxc6
21. Re5 Qb6 22. Qc2 22... Rfd8 {
  There are two isolated pawns: which is weaker?} 23. Ne2 Rd5 24. Rxd5 24...
cxd5 {  Now there is only one. It is not exposed on a half-open file, so can
White defend?} 25. Qd2 Nf5 26. b3 h5 27. h3 27... h4 {
a typical preparatory probe} 28. Qd3 Rc6 29. Kf1 g6 30. Qb1 30... Qb4 {
  Black's pressure on the d-pawn cannot be increased. So Black opens up a new
point of attack.} 31. Kg1 31... a5 {
Lasker said when he saw this that he was lost.} 32. Qb2 a4 33. Qd2 Qxd2 34.
Rxd2 axb3 35. axb3 Rb6 36. Rd3 Ra6 37. g4 hxg3 38. fxg3 Ra2 39. Nc3 Rc2 40. Nd1
Ne7 41. Nc3 Rc1+ 42. Kf2 Nc6 43. Nd1 43... Rb1 {
  Black has his two points of attack.} 44. Ke2 {
I think not really a blunder, more a desire for clarity.} (44. Ne3 44... Na5 {
picks up the b-pawn anyhow}) 44... Rxb3 45. Ke3 Rb4 46. Nc3 Ne7 47. Ne2 Nf5+
48. Kf2 {  White still has two points to defend.} 48... g5 49. g4 Nd6 50. Ng1
Ne4+ 51. Kf1 Rb1+ 52. Kg2 Rb2+ 53. Kf1 Rf2+ 54. Ke1 Ra2 55. Kf1 Kg7 56. Re3 Kg6
57. Rd3 f6 58. Re3 Kf7 59. Rd3 Ke7 60. Re3 Kd6 61. Rd3 Rf2+ 62. Ke1 Rg2 63. Kf1
63... Ra2 {  Both sides are repeating moves: Capablanca because he can,
Lasker because he has to!} 64. Re3 64... e5 {
the final push: Black creates a passed pawn} 65. Rd3 exd4 66. Rxd4 Kc5 67. Rd1
d4 68. Rc1+ 68... Kd5 {  poor White can do nothing} 0-1

[Event "Top 10 endgames: "]
[Site "weak pawns: weak colour compl"]
[Date "1922.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alekhine, A."]
[Black "Yates, F."]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "D64"]
[PlyCount "75"]

{A game which seems to illustrate the positional elements in turn.} 1. d4 1...
Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Rc1 c6 8. Qc2 Re8 9.
Bd3 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5 11. Ne4 f5 12. Bxe7 12... Qxe7 {Bad bishop.} 13. Ned2 b5
14. Bxd5 cxd5 15. O-O a5 16. Nb3 {Dark squares.} 16... a4 17. Nc5 Nxc5 18. Qxc5
Qxc5 19. Rxc5 b4 20. Rfc1 {Controlling the file.} 20... Ba6 21. Ne5 {
Outpost in front of a backward pawn.} 21... Reb8 22. f3 b3 23. a3 h6 24. Kf2
Kh7 25. h4 Rf8 26. Kg3 {KUFTE.} 26... Rfb8 27. Rc7 {Seventh rank.} 27... Bb5
28. R1c5 Ba6 29. R5c6 Re8 30. Kf4 Kg8 31. h5 Bf1 32. g3 Ba6 33. Rf7 Kh7 34.
Rcc7 {Seventh absolute.} 34... Rg8 35. Nd7 Kh8 36. Nf6 {Silent sacrifice.}
36... Rgf8 37. Rxg7 Rxf6 38. Ke5 {A final quiet move wins.} 1-0

[Event "bishops: bad bishop?"]
[Site "bishops: bad bishop?"]
[Date "1939.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Botvinnik"]
[Black "kann"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "E21"]
[PlyCount "81"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 c5 5. a3 Bxc3+ 6. bxc3 Qa5 7. Bd2 Ne4 8.
Qc2 Nxd2 9. Nxd2 d6 10. e3 e5 11. dxe5 11... dxe5 {  White won a couple of
games with this pawn formation: the weakness of the c- pawns is less important
than the outpost on d5.} 12. Bd3 h6 13. O-O O-O 14. f4 Nd7 15. f5 Nf6 16. Ne4
Qd8 17. Nxf6+ Qxf6 18. Be4 Rb8 19. Rad1 b6 20. h3 Ba6 21. Bd5 b5 22. cxb5 Rxb5
23. c4 Rb6 24. Rb1 Rd8 25. Rxb6 axb6 26. e4 26... Bc8 {  The Bd5 is not bad -
rather, it is the Bc8 that has no scope. Meanwhile, the b-pawn is a glaring
weakness on the half-open file. First, White whips the Queen to a7 before
Black stops it with ...Bd7.} 27. Qa4 27... Bd7 28. Qa7 Be8 29. Rb1 Rd6 30. a4
Kh7 31. a5 {Undermining the pawns.} 31... bxa5 32. Qxa5 Ra6 33. Qxc5 Ra2 34.
Qe3 Qa6 35. Rb8 {Great move} 35... Qa4 36. Kh2 Ra3 37. Qc5 Ra2 38. Ra8 {
  Black's Queen is over-worked.} 38... Qxa8 (38... Qc2 39. Rxa2 Qxa2 40. Qe7 {
is hopeless: the Bishop, e-pawn and f-pawn are all under attack.}) 39. Bxa8
Rxa8 40. Qxe5 Bc6 41. Qc7 1-0

[Event "a rook ending: two weaknesses"]
[Site "a rook ending: two weaknesses"]
[Date "1975.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Hug"]
[Black "Barle (Pula izt)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "C50"]
[PlyCount "101"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. d3 d6 6. Bg5 Na5 7. Bb3 Nxb3 8.
axb3 Be6 9. Na4 {} 9... h6 (9... Bb6 10. Nxb6 10... axb6 {
or 10...cxb6; 11.d4! with a superior pawn structure} 11. Rxa8 Qxa8 12. Bxf6
gxf6 13. Nh4 {Pritchett}) 10. Bh4 Bg4 (10... g5 11. Bg3 Nd7 12. Nxc5 Nxc5 13.
b4 Nd7 14. d4) 11. Nxc5 dxc5 12. h3 Bxf3 13. Qxf3 Qd6 14. Bxf6 Qxf6 15. Qxf6
15... gxf6 {  Here we have the doubled f-pawns again. White can start an
immediate attack on them with O-O and f2-f4} 16. Ra5 $1 {accurate: forces a
permanent weakness on a7. Black must divert his King to the Q-side when a
shift to the f-file catches him wrong-footed. Black is probably already lost.}
(16. O-O Ke7 17. f4 h5 18. Rf2 Rh7 19. Raf1 {
and Black can defend the one weakness on the f-file.}) 16... b6 17. Ra6 Kd7 18.
O-O 18... Kc6 {} 19. f4 Kb7 20. Raa1 Rh7 21. fxe5 fxe5 22. Rf6 {
White now wins a pawn while Black struggles for counterplay.} 22... a5 23. Rf5
Re8 24. Raf1 Re7 25. Rh5 Re6 26. Rhf5 Re7 27. g4 Kc6 28. Rf6+ Kb5 29. R1f5 a4
30. bxa4+ Kxa4 31. Rh5 c4 32. dxc4 Kb4 33. Rhxh6 Rxh6 34. Rxh6 Rd7 35. Rf6 Kxc4
36. Kf2 Rd2+ 37. Ke3 {} 37... Rh2 (37... Rxc2 {doesn't help, e.g.} 38. Rxf7 c5
39. Rf2 Rxf2 40. Kxf2 Kb3) 38. Rc6+ Kb5 39. Rxc7 Rxh3+ 40. Kf2 Rh2+ 41. Kg3 Re2
42. Kf3 Re1 43. Re7 f6 44. g5 fxg5 45. Rxe5+ Kc4 46. Rxg5 Rf1+ 47. Ke2 Rb1 48.
b3+ Kc3 49. Rb5 Rc1 50. Rxb6 Rxc2+ 51. Ke3 1-0

[Event "defence: repairing weaknesses"]
[Site "defence: repairing weaknesses"]
[Date "1973.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Uhlmann"]
[Black "Karpov"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "D42"]
[PlyCount "90"]

1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e3 e6 6. d4 Nc6 7. Bd3 cxd4 8.
exd4 Be7 9. O-O O-O 10. Re1 {In the end, a standard IQP position which can
arise from a number of other openings (Semi-Tarrasch, NID, CK).} 10... Nf6 11.
a3 b6 12. Be3 Bb7 13. Rc1 Rc8 14. Bb1 Rc7 15. Qd3 Rd7 16. Qc2 16... g6 {
A concession which also asks White, what other ideas do you have?} 17. Ba2 Ng4
18. Rcd1 Nxe3 19. fxe3 {
Black now has two Bishops but White has a central space advantage.} 19... Bf6
20. Qf2 Bg7 21. Rd2 Ne7 22. e4 h6 23. Red1 Qb8 24. Qe3 Rfd8 25. h3 Kh7 26. Kh1
26... a6 {White now shifts towards the King's-side.} 27. Rf2 Ng8 28. Rdf1 b5
29. h4 29... Nf6 {White's initiative is starting to generate threats.} 30. Ne5
Rxd4 31. Rxf6 Qxe5 32. Rxf7 R8d7 33. Rxd7 33... Rxd7 {Black is still very much
on his feet; White must keep going, as he has made so many concessions.} 34.
Qh3 Rd6 35. Bb1 35... Rd2 {} 36. h5 gxh5 37. Nd1 {  It's messy, but White
has hopes of getting through on the b1-h7 diagonal with something like b4,
Nc2-d3 and e5(+).  Black neutralises the problem on that diagonal with his own
Bishop.} 37... Bc6 38. Qf3 Be8 39. b4 39... Bg6 {} 40. Nf2 40... Qd4 {
The remaining problems are mostly White's.} 41. Nh3 e5 42. Nf2 Rb2 43. Kh2 Qc4
44. Rd1 Rb3 45. Nd3 45... Qxe4 {} 0-1

[Event "Top 10 endgames: "]
[Site "Paris"]
[Date "1933.??.??"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Znosko Borovsky Euge"]
[Black "Alekhine Alexander"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "C87"]
[PlyCount "110"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. c3 Bd7 7. Re1 Be7 8. d4
O-O 9. Nbd2 Be8 10. Bxc6 Bxc6 11. dxe5 dxe5 12. Nxe5 Bxe4 13. Nxe4 Qxd1 14.
Nxf6+ gxf6 15. Rxd1 fxe5 16. Bh6 {(prompts an exchange Black wants anyway!)  
The endgame position reached is by no means as easy to conduct - especially
for the first player - as it appears. Black's plan - which will prove a
complete success - is divided into the following parts: (1) Exchange one pair
of Rooks. (2) Bring the King to e6 where he will be protected from a frontal
attack by the e-Pawn, and can prevent the entrance of the remaining White Rook
at d7. (3) By operating with the Rook on the open g-file, and advancing the
h-Pawn, force the opening of the h-file. (4) After this the White King - and
eventually also the Bishop - will be kept busy in order to prevent the
intrusion of the Black Rook at h1 or h2. (5) In the meantime, Black, by
advancing his a- and b-Pawns, will sooner or later succeed in opening one file
on the Queen's-side. (6) As, at that moment, the White King will still be on
the other wing, White will not have sufficient force to prevent the final
intrusion of the Black Rook on his first or second rank. Granted that, if
White had, from the beginning, realised that there actually existed a danger
of losing this endgame, he probably would, by extremely careful defence, have
saved it. But as it happened, Black played with a definite plan, and White
only with the conviction that the game must be drawn. And the result was, a
very instructive series of typical stratagems, much more useful for
inexperienced players than so-called 'brilliancies'.} 16... Rfd8 17. Kf1 f5 18.
Rxd8+ Rxd8 19. g3 Kf7 20. Be3 h5 21. Ke2 Ke6 22. Rd1 Rg8 23. f3 h4 24. Bf2 hxg3
25. hxg3 Rh8 26. Bg1 Bd6 27. Kf1 Rg8 28. Bf2 b5 29. b3 a5 30. Kg2 a4 31. Rd2
axb3 32. axb3 Ra8 33. c4 Ra3 34. c5 Be7 35. Rb2 b4 36. g4 f4 37. Kf1 Ra1+ 38.
Ke2 Rc1 39. Ra2 Rc3 40. Ra7 Kd7 41. Rb7 Rxb3 42. Rb8 Rb2+ 43. Kf1 b3 44. Kg1
Kc6 45. Kf1 Kd5 46. Rb7 e4 47. fxe4+ Kxe4 48. Rxc7 Kf3 49. Rxe7 Rxf2+ 50. Ke1
b2 51. Rb7 Rc2 52. c6 Kg3 53. c7 f3 54. Kd1 Rxc7 55. Rxb2 f2 0-1

[Event "planning: dynamic vs. classica"]
[Site "planning: dynamic vs. classic"]
[Date "1942.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "ragozin"]
[Black "boleslavsky, sverdlovsk (SUETIN)"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "B15"]
[PlyCount "37"]

1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 dxe4 4. Nxe4 Nf6 5. Nxf6+ exf6 6. Bc4 Bd6 7. Qe2+ Be7
8. Nf3 O-O 9. O-O {was well-known to players and theorists of the 19th century.
Lasker, for example, comments:  "White's plan consists in realising his pawn
superiority on the Queen's side while remaining passive on the King's side.
Black, on the other had will attampt to force his opponent to advance one of
his pawns on the King's wing, in order to start play against White's King's
side with his pawns."  Lasker has in mind moves for White such as c4 and d5 to
create a passed pawn, and for Black ...Bg4, ...Bd6, ...f5 and ...Qh5. In fact
play went} 9... Bd6 10. Re1 Bg4 11. Qe4 Bh5 12. Nh4 Nd7 13. Qf5 {Steinitz and
Lasker would undoubtedly have criticised White's crude and 'unjustified'
attack. What's going on? Ragozin, a strong and experienced Soviet master, must
have been aware of Lasker's views, and of the theories of Steiniz, so why is
he playing on the 'wrong' side? He has made in fact a much more dynamic and
concrete assessment of the position which notes, not just the Q-side majority,
but also: the awkwardly placed bishops, missing Nf6, the compromised f-pawns
and White's development and control of space. Given time, Black could no doubt
disentangle his pieces. Ragozin gives him no time at all.} 13... Nb6 14. Qxh5
14... Nxc4 {} 15. Bh6 Qd7 (15... gxh6 16. b3 Nb6 17. Nf5 Kh8 18. Qxh6 Rg8 19.
Re8) 16. b3 Nb6 17. Nf5 Kh8 18. Re4 Bxh2+ (18... Rg8 19. Bxg7+ Rxg7 20. Nxg7
Kxg7 21. Rg4+ Kf8 22. Re1 {winning}) (18... g6 19. Bg7+ Kg8 20. Qxh7+ Kxh7 21.
Rh4+ Kg8 22. Rh8#) 19. Kh1 {This is the real contribution of the 20th century
to chess theory, in which SOVIET players have been dominant. Players look
beyond the geometry of pawn formations and have moved to a more flexible and
more dynamic style of play. There are no new general principles, because
modern players do not believe in general principles. Players like BRONSTEIN
and BOLESLAVSKY turned established ideas on their heads in the 1950s,
championing Black's dynamic chances in the King's Indian and Sicilian.} 1-0

